Volcano-meteorological tsunamis, the c. AD 200 Taupo eruption (New Zealand) and the possibility of a global tsunami
Volcano-meteorological tsunamis, the c. AD 200 Taupo eruption (New Zealand) and the possibility of a global tsunami
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DOI：
10.1191/095968300670392643
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发表时间：
2000-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
de Lange, WP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lowe, DJ;de Lange, WP
气象海啸是由气象扰动引起的长周期波浪。它们也是由强大的火山活动引起的大气重力波相耦合产生的。公元1883年喀拉喀托火山爆发引发的火山气象海啸在全球都有记录。由于其极端的暴力和能量释放（大于或等于150 +/- 50兆吨的爆炸当量），并与喀拉喀托火山事件类似，公元200年新西兰北岛陶波火山爆发的火烈点就位阶段极有可能产生类似的火山气象海啸，可能已经到达世界各地的沿海地区。与陶波火山爆发年代相同的海啸沉积物出现在新西兰中部沿海地区，可能与那次事件有关；其他地方还没有找到确凿的证据。从理论上讲，火山气象海啸很可能在其他爆发火山的类似喷发事件中产生，因此在远离源头的沿海地区代表了一种额外的火山危害。我们认为，这种海啸的证据，无论是海洋环境还是湖泊环境，都可能保存在地质记录中，并且使用相方法寻找这种证据的进一步工作是及时的。
Meteorological tsunamis are long-period waves that result from meteorologically driven disturbances. They are also generated by phase coupling with atmospheric gravity waves arising through powerful volcanic activity. The AD 1883 Krakatau eruption generated volcano-meteorological tsunamis that were recorded globally. Because of its extreme violence and energy release (greater than or equal to 150 +/- 50 megatons explosive yield), and by analogy with the Krakatau event, it is highly possible that the ignimbrite-emplacement phase of the c. AD 200 Taupo eruption of North Island, New Zealand, generated a similar volcano-meteorological tsunami that may have reached coastal areas worldwide. Tsunami deposits of identical age to the Taupo eruption occur in central coastal New Zealand and probably relate to that event; definitive evidence elsewhere has not yet been found. In theory, volcano-meteorological tsunamis are likely to be produced during comparable eruptive events at other explosive volcanoes, and thus represent an additional volcanic hazard at coastal sites far from source. We suggest that evidence for such tsunamis, both for marine and lacustrine environments, may be preserved in geological records, and that further work searching for this evidence using a facies approach is timely.