Adipocytokines in obesity and metabolic disease.
Adipocytokines in obesity and metabolic disease.
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DOI：
10.1530/joe-13-0339
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发表时间：
2014-02
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Cao H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cao H
当前全球肥胖流行是代谢疾病发病率飙升的主要原因，尤其是糖尿病、心血管疾病、高血压和非酒精性脂肪性肝病。在过去二十年中，致力于寻找肥胖及相关疾病治疗方法的努力激发了人们对脂肪细胞生物学的浓厚兴趣，并使人们对脂肪组织作为一个重要内分泌器官的机制理解取得了重大进展。脂肪组织分泌一系列激素（脂肪因子），这些激素向关键器官发出信号以维持代谢稳态，它们的功能失调与多种代谢疾病存在因果关系。此外，肥胖会诱导炎症细胞因子的产生（通常与脂肪因子一起被称为脂肪细胞因子）以及免疫细胞浸润到脂肪组织中，从而产生一种慢性低度炎症状态。代谢性炎症已日益被认为是将肥胖与多种病理状况联系起来的一种统一机制。本文综述重点关注有助于形成脂肪组织内分泌和炎症作用基础的脂肪细胞因子的经典实例，还详细介绍了一些新发现的脂肪细胞因子，这些因子为脂肪生物学提供了新的见解。文中还讨论了脂肪细胞因子在临床环境中的研究及其治疗潜力。
The current global obesity pandemic is the leading cause for the soaring rates of metabolic diseases, especially diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension and non-alcoholic hepatosteatosis. Efforts devoted to find cures for obesity and associated disorders in the past two decades have prompted intensive interest in adipocyte biology, and have led to major advances in the mechanistic understanding of adipose tissue as an essential endocrine organ. Adipose tissue secretes an array of hormones (adipokines) that signal key organs to maintain metabolic homeostasis, and their dysfunction has been causally linked to a wide range of metabolic diseases. In addition, obesity induces production of inflammatory cytokines (often referred to together with adipokines as adipocytokines) and infiltration of immune cells into adipose tissue, which creates a state of chronic low-grade inflammation. Metabolic inflammation has been increasingly recognized as a unifying mechanism linking obesity to a broad spectrum of pathological conditions. This review focuses on classic examples of adipocytokines that have helped to form the basis of the endocrine and inflammatory roles of adipose tissue, and it also details a few newly characterized adipocytokines that provide fresh insights into adipose biology. Studies of adipocytokines in clinical settings and their therapeutic potential are also discussed.