EUREC4A: A Field Campaign to Elucidate the Couplings Between Clouds, Convection and Circulation
EUREC4A: A Field Campaign to Elucidate the Couplings Between Clouds, Convection and Circulation
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DOI：
10.1007/s10712-017-9428-0
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发表时间：
2017-11-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Wirth, Martin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bony, Sandrine;Stevens, Bjorn;Wirth, Martin
信风积云是地球上出现频率最高的云类型，研究表明，信风积云对环境条件变化的敏感性将严重影响未来全球变暖的幅度和速度。过去十年的研究已经指出云、对流和环流之间的相互作用在控制这种敏感性方面的重要性。数值模式以不同的方式表现了这种相互作用，这转化为贸易累积对气候扰动的不同响应。气候模式预测云底浅层积云覆盖面积对环境条件变化非常敏感，而过程模式则相反。为了理解和解决这一矛盾，我们建议组织一项实地活动，旨在量化贸易积积物的物理特性（例如，云分数和含水量）作为大尺度环境的函数。除了更好地理解云-环流耦合过程之外，该活动还将提供一个参考数据集，可作为推进云与环流建模和卫星遥感的基准。这也将是一个补充研究的机会，例如评估模式对流参数化或研究海洋中尺度涡旋在海气相互作用和对流组织中的作用。
Trade-wind cumuli constitute the cloud type with the highest frequency of occurrence on Earth, and it has been shown that their sensitivity to changing environmental conditions will critically influence the magnitude and pace of future global warming. Research over the last decade has pointed out the importance of the interplay between clouds, convection and circulation in controling this sensitivity. Numerical models represent this interplay in diverse ways, which translates into different responses of trade-cumuli to climate perturbations. Climate models predict that the area covered by shallow cumuli at cloud base is very sensitive to changes in environmental conditions, while process models suggest the opposite. To understand and resolve this contradiction, we propose to organize a field campaign aimed at quantifying the physical properties of trade-cumuli (e.g., cloud fraction and water content) as a function of the large-scale environment. Beyond a better understanding of clouds-circulation coupling processes, the campaign will provide a reference data set that may be used as a benchmark for advancing the modelling and the satellite remote sensing of clouds and circulation. It will also be an opportunity for complementary investigations such as evaluating model convective parameterizations or studying the role of ocean mesoscale eddies in air-sea interactions and convective organization.