Age and reading: the impact of distraction.
Age and reading: the impact of distraction.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1037//0882-7974.6.4.533
复制
发表时间：
1991-12
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Lisa Connelly;L. Hasher;R. Zacks
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lisa Connelly;L. Hasher;R. Zacks
年长的和年轻的成年人朗读并回答关于目标文本中是否有分散注意力的材料的文本的问题。当存在时，分散注意力的材料以与目标材料不同的字体出现。在两个实验中，分散注意力的材料是无意义的、有意义的但与文本无关的，或者有意义的和文本相关的。受试者被要求只注意目标文本。阅读时间测量表明，与年轻人相比，老年人更难忽视分散注意力的信息，特别是与目标文本有意义的相关信息。老年人之间的言语能力差异，但不是年轻人之间的差异，减缓了分心效应。抑制注意机制的年龄差异被认为是影响分心效应的过程。
Older and younger adults read aloud and answered questions about texts that did or did not have distracting material interspersed amid target text. When present, distracting material occurred in a different type font from that of target material. Across 2 experiments, distracting material was meaningless, meaningful but unrelated to the text, or meaningful and text related. Subjects were instructed to attend only to the target text. Reading time measures indicated that compared with younger adults, older adults have a more difficult time ignoring the distracting information, particularly information meaningfully related to target text. Verbal ability differences among older, but not younger, adults moderated distraction effects. Age differences in inhibitory attentional mechanisms were considered as processes influencing distraction effects.