Smartphone-based System for water quality analysis
Smartphone-based System for water quality analysis
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DOI：
10.1007/s13201-018-0780-0
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发表时间：
2018-09-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Sadistap, Shashikant
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Srivastava, Satyam;Vaddadi, Saikrishna;Sadistap, Shashikant
由于缺乏不同水实验室的连接，农村地区的水质很难监测。在其他领域，基于位置的实时水质数据收集是一项繁琐的工作，并且高度依赖人工干预。本文介绍了一种基于智能手机的低成本电池供电的嵌入式系统设计，用于在不同的偏远地点测量不同的水质参数。开发的系统使用现成的传感器测量水样的pH值、总溶解盐(TDS)和温度。利用测得的pH和TDS数据集，利用盐度、氧还原电位和电导率等标准数学关系，推导出其他水质参数。设计了前端读出接口电路，并与8位微控制器和经典蓝牙模块接口，实现了测量、数据采集、记录等功能。基于智能手机的专用应用程序提供了分析和云数据存储的可能性。它还提供了在谷歌地图上使用位置信息分析水质数据的便利，以便快速判断和易于理解。开发的基于智能手机的应用程序提供了自动校准功能，便于快速和现场使用。开发的基于智能手机的应用程序还提供了使用短信、WhatsApp和电子邮件等不同选项共享数据和警告的可能性。整个设备的尺寸为11.0x8.0x4.0(单位为厘米)，重量为350克，使用9伏充电电池。用Eutech仪器的标准水质测量系统对测量结果进行了验证，并观察到测量和计算的参数符合印度的水质标准。各种基于统计和人工神经网络的建模技术被用于将测量的水质参数转换为单一的水质指数，以便于快速判断。开发的水质测量系统已被用于多种应用，以探索该系统的实用性，如对不同水源的水质进行实时判断和实时分析。另一个探索的应用是对小池塘和湖泊的实时水质监测。
Water quality in rural areas is difficult to monitor due to lack of connectivity from different water laboratories. In other areas, location-based real-time water quality data collection is a tedious job and highly dependent on human intervention. The presented paper introduces a low-cost battery operated smartphone-based embedded system design to measure different water quality parameters in various remote locations. Developed system measures pH, total dissolved salt (TDS) and temperature of the water samples using off the shelf available sensors. Measured pH and TDS dataset have been used to derive other water quality parameters using standard mathematical relationships such as salinity, oxygen reduction potential and conductivity. Front-end readout interface circuit has been designed and interfaced with 8-bit microcontroller along with classical Bluetooth module for measurement, data acquisition, and logging purpose. A dedicated smartphone-based application offers analysis and cloud data storage possibilities. It also provides facility to analyze water quality data with location information on Google map for quick judgment and easy understanding. The developed smartphone-based application provides the facility of auto-calibration feature for rapid and on-site usage. Developed smartphone-based application also opens up the possibility to share the data and warnings using different options such as SMS, WhatsApp and E-mail. Overall device has dimensions of 11.0 x 8.0 x 4.0 (in cm), weighs 350 g and runs with 9-V rechargeable battery. Obtained results have been validated with standard water quality measurement system from Eutech Instruments, and it has been observed that measured and calculated parameters are acceptable according to Indian water quality standards. Various statistical and artificial neural network-based modeling techniques have been used to convert measured water quality parameters to a single water quality index for easy and rapid judgment. The developed water quality measurement system has been used for multiple applications to explore the utility of the system such as instant water quality judgment and real-time water quality analysis of different water sources. One of the other explored applications is the real-time water quality monitoring of small ponds and lakes.