Neogene precipitation, vegetation, and elevation history of the Central Andean Plateau
Neogene precipitation, vegetation, and elevation history of the Central Andean Plateau
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DOI：
10.1126/sciadv.aaz4724
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发表时间：
2020-08
期刊：
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
C. Martínez;C. Martínez;Carlos Jaramillo;C. Jaramillo;A. Correa-Metrio;W. Crepet;J. E. Moreno;A. Aliaga;Federico Moreno;M. Ibáñez-Mejia;M. Bush
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文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Martínez;C. Martínez;Carlos Jaramillo;C. Jaramillo;A. Correa-Metrio;W. Crepet;J. E. Moreno;A. Aliaga;Federico Moreno;M. Ibáñez-Mejia;M. Bush
来自安第斯山脉中部的植物化石揭示了新第三纪比以前估计的更潮湿的条件和普纳的诞生。安第斯山脉的隆起在塑造南美洲气候和物种分布方面发挥了重要作用，但人们对安第斯山脉的隆起、植物组成和当地气候演变之间的关系知之甚少。我们调查了中安第斯高原新近纪的化石记录（花粉、树叶和木材），并记录了上新世普纳样生态系统和中新世没有现代类似物的山地生态系统的最早证据。与区域气候模型模拟相反，我们基于化石数据的气候推断表明上新世期间比现代降水条件更潮湿，当时该地区接近现代海拔，而中新世期间甚至更潮湿，当时科迪勒拉海拔约1700米。我们的经验数据突出了植物化石记录在研究过去、现在和未来气候中的重要性，并强调了高海拔生态系统的动态性质。
Fossil plants from the Central Andes reveal Neogene wetter conditions than previously estimated and the birth of the Puna. Andean uplift played a fundamental role in shaping South American climate and species distribution, but the relationship between the rise of the Andes, plant composition, and local climatic evolution is poorly known. We investigated the fossil record (pollen, leaves, and wood) from the Neogene of the Central Andean Plateau and documented the earliest evidence of a puna-like ecosystem in the Pliocene and a montane ecosystem without modern analogs in the Miocene. In contrast to regional climate model simulations, our climate inferences based on fossil data suggest wetter than modern precipitation conditions during the Pliocene, when the area was near modern elevations, and even wetter conditions during the Miocene, when the cordillera was around ~1700 meters above sea level. Our empirical data highlight the importance of the plant fossil record in studying past, present, and future climates and underscore the dynamic nature of high elevation ecosystems.