Screen versus cyclone for improved capacity and robustness for sidestream and mainstream deammonification
Screen versus cyclone for improved capacity and robustness for sidestream and mainstream deammonification
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DOI：
10.1039/c9ew00384c
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发表时间：
2019-10-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
De Clippeleir, Haydee
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Van Winckel, Tim;Vlaeminck, Siegfried E.;De Clippeleir, Haydee
脱氨系统正在作为具有成本和资源效益的脱氮工艺实施。然而，它们的复杂性是从副应用成功转换为主流应用的主要障碍。仅仅选择亚硝酸盐氧化细菌（NOB）或保留厌氧氨氧化细菌（AnAOB）并不能保证有效的主流脱氨。本文首次提出了动力学选择之间的相互作用和协同作用，通过管理残留底物，和物理选择，通过分离的固体保留时间（SRT）。这使得能够为成功地实现去氨化拟定具体的业务建议。使用活性测量来确定安装在侧流和主流脱氨反应器（Strass，奥地利）处的全尺寸旋风分离器和转鼓筛的AnAOB的保留效率（eta）。在侧流反应器中，使用筛网（η = 91%）代替旋风分离器（η = 88%）可以将容量增加高达29%。对于主流反应器，与旋风分离器（η = 42%）相比，通过筛网（η = 72%）实现的更高的AnAOB保留效率引起容量预期增加80- 90%。此外，与来自侧流的生物强化相结合的转换使得该过程较少依赖于亚硝酸盐的可用性，从而有助于NOB的淘汰。这允许更灵活的（间歇）曝气策略，并减少了NOB冲洗对严格SRT控制的需求。敏感性分析探讨了预期趋势，为进一步校准提供了可能的操作窗口。实质上，全尺寸物理选择器的表征允许更深入地理解过程的操作窗口和容量的量化，最终导致更多的空间和能量节约过程。
Deammonification systems are being implemented as cost- and resource-efficient nitrogen removal processes. However, their complexity is a major hurdle towards successful transposition from side- to mainstream application. Merely out-selecting nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) or retaining anammox bacteria (AnAOB) does not guarantee efficient mainstream deammonification. This paper presents for the first time the interactions and synergies between kinetic selection, through management of residual substrates, and physical selection, through separation of solid retention times (SRTs). This allowed the formulation of tangible operational recommendations for successful deammonification. Activity measurements were used to establish retention efficiencies (eta) for AnAOB for full-scale cyclones and rotating drum screens installed at a sidestream and mainstream deammonification reactor (Strass, Austria). In the sidestream reactor, using a screen (eta = 91%) instead of a cyclone (eta = 88%) may increase the capacity by up to 29%. For the mainstream reactor, higher AnAOB retention efficiencies achieved by the screen (eta = 72%) compared to the cyclone (eta = 42%) induced a prospective increase in capacity by 80-90%. In addition, the switch in combination with bioaugmentation from the sidestream made the process less dependent on nitrite availability, thus aiding in the outselection of NOB. This allowed for a more flexible (intermittent) aeration strategy and a reduced need for tight SRT control for NOB washout. A sensitivity analysis explored expected trends to provide possible operational windows for further calibration. In essence, characterization of the physical selectors at full scale allowed a deeper understanding of operational windows of the process and quantification of capacity, ultimately leading to a more space and energy conservation process.