Weed suppression by Passiflora edulis and its potential allelochemicals
Weed suppression by Passiflora edulis and its potential allelochemicals
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西番莲及其潜在化感物质抑制杂草
DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-3180.2006.00512.x
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
T. Xuan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Khanh;I. Chung;S. Tawata;T. Xuan
总结
西番莲（Passiflora edulis）生长在热带地区，其果实可食用，并具有许多民族药理学和药理学特性。研究表明，该植物具有较强的化感作用。在生物测定中，美味草的水提物强烈抑制莴苣、萝卜和两种主要水稻杂草稗草和鸭舌草的萌发和生长。在温室和田间试验中，美味草对水稻杂草的生长也有很强的抑制作用。与不除草的对照相比，施用2 t ha-1的美味可口的干植物材料减少了70%的杂草生物量，并增加了35%的水稻产量。结果表明，在紫丁香提取物中发现了10种新的具有抑菌活性的物质，包括香豆素、长链脂肪酸和内酯。香豆素和内酯类化合物对E.而不是脂肪酸。作者认为，紫球藻可作为天然除草剂使用，以减少对合成除草剂的依赖。
Summary
Passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) is grown in the tropics for its edible fruits and for its many ethno-pharmacologic and pharmacological properties. Our study revealed that the plant contains a strong allelopathic potential. In a bioassay, aqueous extracts of P. edulis strongly suppressed germination and growth of lettuce, radish and two major paddy rice weeds, Echinochloa crusgalli and Monochoria vaginalis. In glasshouse and field experiments, P. edulis also strongly inhibited the growth of paddy rice weeds. Application of 2 t ha−1 dry plant material of P. edulis reduced weed biomass by 70% and increased rice yield by 35% compared with the unweeded control. Ten newly identified substances in P. edulis extracts, including coumarin, long-chain fatty acids and lactones, may be responsible for the inhibitory activity of P. edulis. Coumarin and the lactones showed greater inhibition of germination and growth of E. crusgalli than the fatty acids. The authors suggest that P. edulis may be used as a natural herbicide to reduce the dependency on synthetic herbicides.