Food insecurity, school absenteeism and educational attainment of adolescents in Jimma Zone Southwest Ethiopia: a longitudinal study
Food insecurity, school absenteeism and educational attainment of adolescents in Jimma Zone Southwest Ethiopia: a longitudinal study
复制标题
DOI：
10.1186/1475-2891-10-29
复制
发表时间：
2011-04-10
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Kolsteren, Patrick
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Belachew, Tefera;Hadley, Craig;Kolsteren, Patrick
背景：粮食不安全不仅影响儿童的身体发育和健康，还影响他们的智力发展、入学率和学业成绩。然而，大多数证据都是基于高收入国家的研究。尽管粮食不安全在埃塞俄比亚很常见，但它在多大程度上影响了青少年的入学率和教育程度尚不清楚。我们假设，与粮食安全的同龄人相比，粮食不安全的青少年更有可能缺课，并且一年后取得的成绩较低。 方法：我们使用了埃塞俄比亚西南部一项为期五年的纵向家庭研究的连续两次调查中的 2009 年 13-17 岁青少年的数据。采用分层随机抽样来选择参与者。回归分析用于比较粮食安全和不安全青少年的缺勤率和一年随访后获得的最高成绩。该分析根据人口因素、报告的疾病和工作量进行了调整。结果：与粮食安全同龄人相比，缺课的粮食不安全青少年 (33.0%) 显着增多 (17.8%，P < 0.001)。多变量逻辑回归分析显示，调整性别、居住地和户主性别后，青少年粮食不安全[OR 1.77 (1.34-2.33)]、严重家庭粮食不安全[OR 1.62 (1.27-2.06)]、调查前过去1个月内患病[OR 2.26 (1.68-3.06)]、青少年希望完成的最高等级[OR 0.92 (0.88-0.96)] 和青少年每周必须工作的天数 [OR 1.16 (1.07-1.26)] 是学校缺勤的独立预测因素。同样，在控制家庭收入和户主性别后，青少年粮食不安全（P < 0.001）、严重家庭粮食不安全（P < 0.001）、最近一个月生病（P < 0.001）和农村居住（P < 0.001）与最高成绩呈负相关，而青少年年龄（P < 0.001）、打算完成的最高成绩（P < 0.001）和居住在半城市地区（P < 0.001）与获得的最高成绩呈正相关。结论：青少年和家庭粮食不安全与学校缺勤和较低的教育程度呈正相关。旨在在粮食不安全环境中实现普及初等教育的计划应纳入干预措施，以确保青少年的粮食安全。
Background: Food insecurity not only affects physical growth and health of children but also their intellectual development, school attendance and academic performance. However, most evidences are based on studies in high income countries. Although food insecurity is common in Ethiopia, to what extent it affects school attendance and educational attainment of adolescents is not explored. We hypothesized that food insecure adolescents would be more likely to be absent from school and have lower grades attained after 1 year compared to their food secure peers.Methods: We used data from 2009 adolescents in the age group of 13-17 years from two consecutive surveys of a five year longitudinal family study in Southwest Ethiopia. A stratified random sampling was used to select participants. Regression analyses were used to compare school absenteeism and the highest grade attained after 1 year of follow-up in food secure and insecure adolescents. The analysis was adjusted for demographic factors, reported illness and workload.Results: Significantly more (33.0%) food insecure adolescents were absent from school compared with their food secure peers (17.8%, P < 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analyses showed that after adjusting for gender, place of residence and gender of the household head, adolescent food insecurity [OR 1.77 (1.34-2.33)], severe household food insecurity [OR 1.62 (1.27-2.06)], illness during the past one month before the survey [OR 2.26 (1.68-3.06)], the highest grade aspired to be completed by the adolescent [OR 0.92 (0.88-0.96)], and the number of days that the adolescent had to work per week [OR 1.16 (1.07-1.26)] were independent predictors of school absenteeism. Similarly after controlling for household income and gender of the household head, adolescent food insecurity(P < 0.001), severe household food insecurity(P < 0.001), illness during the last month(P < 0.001) and rural residence(P < 0.001) were inversely associated with highest grade attained, while age of the adolescent(P < 0.001), the highest grade intended to be completed(P < 0.001) and residence in semi urban area(P < 0.001) were positively associated with the highest grade attained.Conclusions: Adolescent and household food insecurity are positively associated with school absenteeism and a lower educational attainment. Programs aiming to achieve universal access to primary education in food insecure environments should integrate interventions to ensure food security of adolescents.