Prevalence of amblyopia and strabismus in Eastern China: results from screening of preschool children aged 36-72 months
Prevalence of amblyopia and strabismus in Eastern China: results from screening of preschool children aged 36-72 months
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中国东部地区36-72月龄学龄前儿童弱视和斜视患病率
DOI：
10.1136/bjophthalmol-2015-306999
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发表时间：
2016-04-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Liu, Hu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Xuejuan;Fu, Zhujun;Liu, Hu
目的了解华东地区学龄前儿童弱视和斜视的患病率。方法采用分层随机抽样方法，于2011年至2012年对南京市雨花区36~72个月龄学龄前儿童进行横断面人群队列研究。每个合格儿童的相应父母或法定监护人将发出一份共计117个项目的问卷，由其填写。进行全面的眼科检查，包括视力、眼前节检查、自体屈光、遮盖试验和眼球运动。结果68例儿童弱视发生率为1.20%，95%可信区间为0.92%~1.48%，性别(p=0.903)和年龄(p=0.835)差异无统计学意义。其中双眼弱视27例，单眼弱视41例，其中屈光参差不伴斜视26例，双眼屈光不正26例，斜视7例，斜视/屈光参差复合弱视6例，剥夺性弱视3例。斜视320例(5.65%，95%CI 5.05%~6.25%)，其中共同性内斜视43例，共同性外斜视259例(近斜视1例，远斜视外斜视1例)，小斜视8例(内斜视3例，外斜视5例)，单纯垂直斜视10例(分离性垂直斜视3例，斜肌功能障碍7例)，I型Duane综合征1例。不同年龄组间斜视患病率差异有统计学意义(p=0.021)。结论中国东部地区学龄前儿童弱视患病率为1.20%，斜视患病率为5.65%。屈光不正和斜视是弱视的主要相关因素。
Purpose To determine the prevalence of amblyopia and strabismus in preschool children in Eastern China.Methods The Nanjing Pediatric Vision Project was a cross-sectional, population-based cohort study conducted in preschool children aged 36-72 months from 2011 to 2012 in Yuhua District, Nanjing, China, using an age-stratified random sampling procedure. A questionnaire totalling 117 items was sent to be completed by the corresponding parents or legal guardians of each eligible child. Comprehensive eye examinations, including visual acuity, anterior segment examination, autorefraction, cover test and ocular motility, were conducted. Postcycloplegic refraction and fundus examinations were performed if necessary.Results Amblyopia was present in 68 children (1.20%, 95% CI 0.92% to 1.48%), with no statistical differences in gender (p=0.903) and age (p=0.835). Among these, 27 had bilateral amblyopia and 41 had unilateral amblyopia, including 26 anisometropic without strabismus, 26 binocular refractive, 7 strabismic, 6 combined strabismic/ anisometropic and 3 deprivation amblyopia. Strabismus was found in 320 children (5.65%, 95% CI 5.05% to 6.25%), including 43 with concomitant esotropia, 259 with concomitant exotropia (1 esotropia at near but exotropia at distance), 8 with microtropia (3 esotropia and 5 exotropia), 10 with pure vertical strabismus (3 dissociated vertical deviation and 7 oblique muscle dysfunction) and 1 with Type I Duane syndrome. The prevalence of strabismus had no statistical differences in gender (p=0.952), but had significant statistical differences between different age groups (p=0.021).Conclusions The prevalence of amblyopia and strabismus in preschool children in Eastern China were 1.20% and 5.65%, respectively. The refractive and strabismus are the main factors associated with amblyopia.