Phosphorus nutrition of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) is decreasing in Europe
Phosphorus nutrition of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) is decreasing in Europe
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DOI：
10.1007/s13595-015-0459-8
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发表时间：
2015-10-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Rautio, Pasi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Talkner, Ulrike;Meiwes, Karl Josef;Rautio, Pasi
在过去的20年里，欧洲的叶面磷浓度有所下降。高大气氮沉降和气候变化可能是造成这一趋势的原因。叶P浓度的持续下降可能会导致减少的增长和活力的山毛榉forests in European.Context森林土壤酸化，大气氮沉降和气候变化增加已被证明会影响磷营养的林木。在不同的欧洲国家，已经观察到低的叶磷水平和高的氮/磷比，并已与森林生长减少有关。（sylvatica L.）方法根据“国际合作项目评估和监测空气污染对森林的影响”，对山毛榉叶片磷浓度进行监测。“在这里，来自12个欧洲国家，包括79个地块和20年的采样周期（1991-2010）的数据进行了评估。结果叶片磷浓度范围为0.81至1.66毫克g（-1）dw（20年采样周期的地块中位数）。在22%的地块上，磷浓度处于山毛榉的缺乏范围内（Mellert和Gottlein 2012）。在62%的地块上，氮/磷比大于18.9，这被认为是山毛榉的不和谐。此外，欧洲山毛榉叶片磷浓度从1.31 mg g（-1）下降到1.14 mg g（-1），平均下降了13%（p < 0.001）。这一发展的可能驱动因素可能是大气氮沉降量高和气候变化。叶磷浓度的持续下降，最终达到缺磷水平，可能会导致欧洲山毛榉林的生长和活力降低。
Key message Foliar phosphorus concentrations have decreased in Europe during the last 20 years. High atmospheric nitrogen deposition and climate change might be responsible for this trend. Continued decrease in foliar P concentrations might lead to reduced growth and vitality of beech forests in Europe.Context Increased forest soil acidification, atmospheric nitrogen deposition, and climate change have been shown to affect phosphorus nutrition of forest trees. Low foliar phosphorus levels and high nitrogen/phosphorus ratios have been observed in different European countries and have been related to reduced growth in forests.Aims We test the hypothesis that phosphorus concentrations of European beech (F. sylvatica L.) foliage are decreasing at the European scale.Methods Foliar phosphorus concentrations in beech were monitored on the basis of the "International Co-operative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Air Pollution Effects on Forests." Here, data from 12 European countries, comprising 79 plots and a 20-year sampling period (1991-2010), were evaluated.Results Foliar phosphorus concentrations ranged from 0.81 to 1.66 mg g(-1) dw (plot median of the 20-year sampling period). On 22 % of the plots, phosphorus concentrations were in the deficiency range of beech (Mellert and Gottlein 2012). On 62 % of the plots, the nitrogen/phosphorus ratio was above 18.9, which is considered to be disharmonious for beech. In addition, foliar phosphorus concentrations were significantly decreasing by, on average, 13 % from 1.31 to 1.14 mg g(-1) in Europe (p < 0.001).Conclusion Our results show that phosphorus nutrition of beech is impaired in Europe. Possible drivers of this development might be high atmospheric nitrogen deposition and climate change. Continued decrease in foliar phosphorus concentrations, eventually attaining phosphorus deficiency levels, might lead to reduced growth and vitality of beech forests in Europe.