Winter is coming: hibernation reverses the outcome of sperm competition in a fly.
Winter is coming: hibernation reverses the outcome of sperm competition in a fly.
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DOI：
10.1111/jeb.12792
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发表时间：
2016-02
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Price TA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Giraldo-Perez P;Herrera P;Campbell A;Taylor ML;Skeats A;Aggio R;Wedell N;Price TA
精子通常在雌性体内竞争使卵子受精，但研究的重点是短期精子存储：在使用前只在雌性体内保存几天或几周的精子。在自然界中，许多物种的雌性精子会储存数月或数年，通常是在环境压力时期，如寒冷的冬天。在这里，我们研究了果蝇假暗果蝇精子竞争的结果，模拟了雌性果蝇越冬的条件。我们将雌性与两只雄性交配，然后将雌性在4摄氏度下保存长达120天。我们发现，当两个雄性的精子保存0、1或30天时，精子竞争的结果是一致的，交配的最后一只雄性将产生大部分后代。然而，当雌性在寒冷中储存120天后，最后交配的雄性后代的父亲不到5%。此外，当精子被长期储存时，第一只雄性即使携带着驱动减数分裂的性染色体，也几乎所有的后代都是父亲，这种染色体在短期储存条件下极大地降低了精子的竞争成功。这表明，长期储存精子可以从根本上改变精子竞争的结果。
Sperm commonly compete within females to fertilize ova, but research has focused on short‐term sperm storage: sperm that are maintained in a female for only a few days or weeks before use. In nature, females of many species store sperm for months or years, often during periods of environmental stress, such as cold winters. Here we examine the outcome of sperm competition in the fruit fly Drosophila pseudoobscura, simulating the conditions in which females survive winter. We mated females to two males and then stored the female for up to 120 days at 4°C. We found that the outcome of sperm competition was consistent when sperm from two males was stored for 0, 1 or 30 days, with the last male to mate fathering most of the offspring. However, when females were stored in the cold for 120 days, the last male to mate fathered less than 5% of the offspring. Moreover, when sperm were stored long term the first male fathered almost all offspring even when he carried a meiotic driving sex chromosome that drastically reduces sperm competitive success under short‐term storage conditions. This suggests that long‐term sperm storage can radically alter the outcome of sperm competition.