Development of Risk Perception and Substance Use of Tobacco, Alcohol and Cannabis Among Adolescents and Emerging Adults: Evidence of Directional Influences
Development of Risk Perception and Substance Use of Tobacco, Alcohol and Cannabis Among Adolescents and Emerging Adults: Evidence of Directional Influences
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DOI：
10.3109/10826084.2014.984847
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发表时间：
2015-02-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Kroeninger-Jungaberle, Henrik
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Grevenstein, Dennis;Nagy, Ede;Kroeninger-Jungaberle, Henrik
背景资料：虽然有几项研究调查了风险认知和物质使用之间的关系，但令人惊讶的是，随着时间的推移，对这两个变量之间的相互影响知之甚少。目的：本研究的目的是探讨两个不同的假设，分别为烟草，酒精和大麻：影响行为的风险认知（动机假说）和影响行为的风险认知（风险重新评价假说）。研究方法：采用前瞻性和纵向交叉滞后面板设计，在10年的时间内对物质使用和风险感知进行了5次测量。参与者是318名年龄在14-15岁之间的德国青年。风险认知和物质使用频率采用自我报告进行测量。结果如下：结构方程模型表明，风险知觉对所有物质的物质使用行为的显着影响，这支持了动机假设。风险认知的变化可以预测未来烟草、酒精和大麻等物质使用的变化。具体就大麻而言，物质使用对风险认知的影响也可以显示出来，从而支持风险重新评估假设。结论：虽然人们支持将适当的风险认识作为预防性干预措施的一个目标的理由，但不应忽视重新评估风险的可能性，特别是在非法物质方面。
Background: While several studies have investigated the relationship between risk perception and substance use, surprisingly little is known about mutual influences between both variables over time. Objectives: The present study aimed to explore two different hypotheses separately for tobacco, alcohol and cannabis: influences from risk perception on behavior (motivational hypothesis) and influences from behavior on risk perception (risk reappraisal hypothesis). Methods: A prospective and longitudinal cross-lagged panel design was used with substance use and risk perception measured five times over the course of 10 years. Participants were 318 German youths aged 14-15 at the beginning of the study. Risk perception and substance use frequency were measured using self-reports. Results: Structural equation modeling indicated significant influences of risk perception on substance use behavior for all substances, which supports the motivational hypothesis. Changes in risk perception predict changes in future substance use of tobacco, alcohol and cannabis. Specifically for cannabis, influences of substance use on risk perception can also be shown, thus, supporting the risk reappraisal hypothesis. Conclusions: While there is support for the rationale behind adequate risk perception as a goal of preventive interventions, the possibility of risk reappraisal should not be neglected, especially regarding illicit substances.