Effects of a passive back exoskeleton on the mechanical loading of the low-back during symmetric lifting
Effects of a passive back exoskeleton on the mechanical loading of the low-back during symmetric lifting
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.109486
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发表时间：
2020-03-26
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
van Dieen, Jaap H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Koopman, Axel S.;Kingma, Idsart;van Dieen, Jaap H.
腰痛是世界上导致残疾的头号原因，机械负荷是主要风险因素之一。外骨骼已经被引入工作场所，以减少低背部负荷。在静态前屈过程中，外骨骼被证明可以减少10%到40%的背部肌肉活动。然而，动态提升过程中的效果并没有很好的记录。由于峰值载荷较高，与静态弯曲相比，外骨骼在提升时的相对支撑力可能较小。此外，外骨骼还可能导致举重行为的改变，从而影响低背部负荷。本研究调查了被动外骨骼在对称举重过程中对峰值压缩力、力矩、肌肉活动和运动学的影响。测试了两种类型(低和高)的装置，它们分别在大屈曲角和中等屈曲角时产生峰值支撑力矩，在从膝盖和脚踝高度从近水平和远水平位置举起时，载荷分别为10公斤。在从膝盖和脚踝高度从远位置举起时，这两种类型的躯干外骨骼将峰值L5S1压缩力降低了约5%-10%。当佩戴该装置时，受试者确实调整了他们的提举方式，躯干峰值角速度降低了17%，腰椎屈曲角度增加了5度，尤其是在脚踝高度提举时。(C)2019爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
Low-back pain is the number one cause of disability in the world, with mechanical loading as one of the major risk factors. Exoskeletons have been introduced in the workplace to reduce low back loading. During static forward bending, exoskeletons have been shown to reduce back muscle activity by 10% to 40%. However, effects during dynamic lifting are not well documented. Relative support of the exoskeleton might be smaller in lifting compared to static bending due to higher peak loads. In addition, exoskeletons might also result in changes in lifting behavior, which in turn could affect low back loading.The present study investigated the effect of a passive exoskeleton on peak compression forces, moments, muscle activity and kinematics during symmetric lifting. Two types (LOW and HIGH) of the device, which generate peak support moments at large and moderate flexion angles, respectively, were tested during lifts from knee and ankle height from a near and far horizontal position, with a load of 10?kg.Both types of the trunk exoskeleton tested here reduced the peak L5S1 compression force by around 5-10% for lifts from the FAR position from both KNEE and ANKLE height. Subjects did adjust their lifting style when wearing the device with a 17% reduced peak trunk angular velocity and 5 degrees increased lumbar flexion, especially during ANKLE height lifts.In conclusion, the exoskeleton had a minor and varying effect on the peak L5S1 compression force with only significant differences in the FAR lifts. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.