Phylogenetic Diversity and Antibacterial Activity of Culturable Fungi Derived from the Zoanthid Palythoa haddoni in the South China Sea
Phylogenetic Diversity and Antibacterial Activity of Culturable Fungi Derived from the Zoanthid Palythoa haddoni in the South China Sea
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南海Zoanthid Palythoa haddoni可培养真菌的系统发育多样性和抗菌活性
DOI：
10.1007/s10126-014-9598-4
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发表时间：
2015-02-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Shao, Chang-Lun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Qin, Xiao-Yan;Yang, Kai-Lin;Shao, Chang-Lun
对可培养真菌多样性的研究主要集中在海绵和珊瑚上，而对斑纹珊瑚的真菌群落研究较少。本研究从南海海域采集的棘球藻（Palythoa haddoni）中分离到193株可培养真菌，通过形态特征和ITS序列分析鉴定出49株独立菌株。选取35株真菌进行ITS序列系统发育分析。结果表明，在子囊菌门7目和担子菌门1目的2门8目中共鉴定出18属和1株未确定菌株，其中枝孢子菌属为优势培养属。其中有14个属首次从虫纲中分离得到。对鉴定的49株真菌菌丝有机提取物和发酵液的抑菌活性进行了评价，其中29株（59.2%）具有广谱或选择性抑菌活性。更有趣的是，与其他致病菌相比，超过60%的活性真菌菌株对巴西诺卡菌和副溶血性弧菌两种水生致病菌表现出较强的活性，这表明植虫源真菌可能保护其宿主免受病原体的侵害。这是第一次系统地报道虫源真菌的系统发育多样性和广泛的抗菌活性。
Investigation on diversity of culturable fungi mainly focused on sponges and corals, yet little attention had been paid to the fungal communities associated with zoanthid corals. In this study, a total of 193 culturable fungal strains were isolated from the zoanthid Palythoa haddoni collected in the South China Sea, of which 49 independent isolates were identified using both morphological characteristics and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence analyses. Thirty-five strains were selected for phylogenetic analysis based on fungal ITS sequences. The results indicated that 18 genera within eight taxonomic orders of two phyla (seven orders of the phylum Ascomycota and one order of the phylum Basidiomycota) together with one unidentified fungal strain have been achieved, and Cladosporium sp. represented the dominant culturable genus. Particularly, 14 genera were isolated from a zoanthid for the first time. The antibacterial activities of organic extracts of mycelia and fermentation broth of 49 identified fungi were evaluated, and 29 (59.2 %) of the isolates displayed broad-spectrum or selective antibacterial activity. More interestingly, more than 60 % of the active fungal strains showed strong activity against two aquatic pathogenic bacteria Nocardia brasiliensis and Vibrio parahaemolyticus, compared with other pathogenic bacteria, indicating that zoanthid-derived fungi may protect its host against pathogens. This is the first report of systematically phylogenetic diversity and extensively antibacterial activity of zoanthid-derived fungi.