Changing places: Longitudinal trends in living arrangements of persons living with dementia.
Changing places: Longitudinal trends in living arrangements of persons living with dementia.
复制标题
改变地方：痴呆症患者生活安排的纵向趋势。
DOI：
10.1111/jgs.18698
复制
发表时间：
2024
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Coe,NormaB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
White,LindsayLY;Sun,Chuxuan;Coe,NormaB
MethodsWe conducted a repeated cross-sectional study using data from the NHATS, an annual, nationally representative longitudinal survey of Medicare enrollees aged 65 years and older. We limit the sample to non-decedent individuals 70 years of age and older with probable dementia, as defined using the NHATS cognitive impairment algorithm. 9 We characterized these respondents’ living arrangement (home alone, home with others, nursing home, or residential care setting other than a nursing home (eg, assisted living facility, continuing care retirement community, board and care home)), functional status, and care needs. We defined functional status as having difficulty with or getting help with self-care tasks, including eating, dressing, toileting, bathing, and getting out of bed. We defined unmet care needs as experiencing an adverse consequence because no one was available to assist with a self-care task. We report descriptive statistics stratified by living arrangement. All analyses were weighted. Analyses were conducted using STATA 17 (StataCorp LP, College Station, TX). This study is exempt from Institutional Review Board review.ResultsBetween 2015 and 2021, the proportion of respondents classified as probable dementia ranged from 9.6% to 11.8%. Across the study period, the majority of PLWD lived at home (Figure 1), though the proportion living with others steadily declined from 59% in 2015 to 49% in 2021. The proportion living alone was steady at around 16%, but increased sharply during the pandemic, rising to 22% in 2021. The proportion of PLWD living in a residential care setting other than a nursing home remained steady at around 17%; the proportion living in a nursing home increased from 6% in 2015 to 15% in 2019, then declined during the pandemic. Longitudinal trends were similar across race and ethnicity (not shown). While there were no clear trends in the functional status of PLWD in most living arrangements (Figure 2), functional impairment increased over time among PLWD in residential care settings other than a nursing home (2.3 self-care difficulties in 2015 and 3.0 in 2021). Despite widely varying levels of functional impairment across the care settings, the average number of unmet needs in each setting was similar and remained relatively stable or declined in all care settings except for the residential care setting other than nursing home, where the number of unmet needs increased over time (0.6 unmet needs in 2015 and 1.0 in 2021).
