Analysis of Plasma Protein Concentrations and Enzyme Activities in Cattle within the Ex-Evacuation Zone of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Plant Accident.
Analysis of Plasma Protein Concentrations and Enzyme Activities in Cattle within the Ex-Evacuation Zone of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Plant Accident.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0155069
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Fukumoto M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Urushihara Y;Kawasumi K;Endo S;Tanaka K;Hirakawa Y;Hayashi G;Sekine T;Kino Y;Kuwahara Y;Suzuki M;Fukumoto M;Yamashiro H;Abe Y;Fukuda T;Shinoda H;Isogai E;Arai T;Fukumoto M
福岛第一核电站事故对人类和环境的影响是全球关注的问题。我们对49头日本黑牛的血浆进行了生化分析，这些牛在FNPP半径20 km范围内的前疏散区实施了安乐死。在可归因于FNPP事故的放射性核素中，锗伽马射线光谱法仅检测到134 Cs和137 Cs（放射性铯）的泄漏，这些泄漏通常存在于所检查的器官和土壤中。放射性铯在骨骼肌中的放射性浓度最高。假设动物体仅由骨骼肌组成，放射性铯的内剂量率中位数为12.5 μ戈伊/d（范围为1.6 - 33.9 μ戈伊/d）。从捕获牛的地点计算的外照射剂量率中位数为18.8 μ戈伊/天（6.0-133.4 μ戈伊/天）。个体牛的内部和外部（总）剂量率中位数为26.9 μ戈伊/天（9.1-155.1 μ戈伊/天）。血浆丙二醛水平和超氧化物歧化酶活性与内照射剂量率呈正相关，谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性与内照射剂量率呈负相关。血浆谷丙转氨酶活性和乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）-2、LDH-3、LDH-4活性百分比与内照射剂量率和总照射剂量率均呈正相关，LDH-1活性百分比与内照射剂量率和总照射剂量率均呈负相关。这表明，长期暴露于低剂量率的电离辐射会引起轻微的应激，导致血浆蛋白和酶水平发生变化。
The effect of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FNPP) accident on humans and the environment is a global concern. We performed biochemical analyses of plasma from 49 Japanese Black cattle that were euthanized in the ex-evacuation zone set within a 20-km radius of FNPP. Among radionuclides attributable to the FNPP accident, germanium gamma-ray spectrometry detected photopeaks only from 134Cs and 137Cs (radiocesium) commonly in the organs and in soil examined. Radioactivity concentration of radiocesium was the highest in skeletal muscles. Assuming that the animal body was composed of only skeletal muscles, the median of internal dose rate from radiocesium was 12.5 μGy/day (ranging from 1.6 to 33.9 μGy/day). The median of external dose rate calculating from the place the cattle were caught was 18.8 μGy/day (6.0–133.4 μGy/day). The median of internal and external (total) dose rate of the individual cattle was 26.9 μGy/day (9.1–155.1 μGy/day). Plasma levels of malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase activity were positively and glutathione peroxidase activity was negatively correlated with internal dose rate. Plasma alanine transaminase activity and percent activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)-2, LDH-3 and LDH-4 were positively and LDH-1 was negatively correlated with both internal and total dose rate. These suggest that chronic exposure to low-dose rate of ionizing radiation induces slight stress resulting in modified plasma protein and enzyme levels.