Biology of Thelazia callipaeda (Spirurida, Thelaziidae) eyeworms in naturally infected definitive hosts
Biology of Thelazia callipaeda (Spirurida, Thelaziidae) eyeworms in naturally infected definitive hosts
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DOI：
10.1017/s0031182004006018
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发表时间：
2004-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Giangaspero, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Otranto, D;Lia, RP;Giangaspero, A
Thelazia callipaeda（Spirurida，Thelaziidae）眼虫在远东引起食肉动物和人类的眼部感染;最近在欧洲-北方和意大利南部-在狗、猫和狐狸中也报告了这种感染。T. callipaeda是未知的，线虫在其最终宿主中的发育仅限于对狗的实验性试验。为T.在田间条件下，从来自意大利南部Basilicata地区感染率高（高达60-14%）的地区的自然感染的狗收集眼虫。还收集结膜分泌物并检查是否存在未成熟阶段。除5月至11月外，在整个时期内都有卵裂卵存在，这表明T. callipaeda，与载体的存在/不存在一致。事实上，在夏季（2002年和2003年6月至7月），在狗的泪管分泌物中发现了第一阶段的幼虫，准备被在眼睛周围觅食的苍蝇吞食。2002年3月和2003年4月、7月和10月的4期幼虫的证据可能是作为T.从早春到初秋。10月份未成熟阶段的存在表明线虫的重叠世代和第二个媒介感染周期。本文对T.有希望帮助今后的流行病学研究确定中间宿主，并确定在实地条件下可能对病媒造成的风险。
Thelazia callipaeda (Spirurida, Thelaziidae) eyeworm causes ocular infection in carnivores and humans in the Far East; this infection has been recently reported also in Europe - northern and southern Italy - in dogs, cats and foxes. The natural vector/s of T. callipaeda is/are unknown and the development of the nematode in its definitive hosts is limited to an experimental trial on dogs. To contribute new insights into the development of T. callipaeda in the definitive host in field conditions, eyeworms were collected from naturally infected dogs from an area with a high prevalence of infection (up to 60-14%) in the Basilicata region of southern Italy, from January 2002 to December 2003. Conjunctival secretions were also collected and examined for the presence of immature stages. The presence of blastomerized eggs throughout the period - except for the months from May to November - indicates a seasonality in the reproductive activity of T. callipaeda, coinciding with the presence/absence of the vector. In fact, 1st-stage larvae were found in the lachrymal secretions of dogs in summer (June-July 2002 and 2003), ready to be ingested by flies feeding about the eyes. The evidence of 4th-stage larvae in March 2002 and April, July and October 2003 may be accounted for by the presence of flies that act as intermediate hosts of T. callipaeda from early spring to early autumn. The presence of immature stages in October indicates an overlapping generation of nematodes and a 2nd cycle of vector infection. This basic knowledge of the development of T. callipaeda will hopefully help future epidemiological studies to identify the intermediate hosts and define the likely risk for vectors in field conditions.