Where and what is the right shift factor or cerebral dominance gene? A critique of Francks et al. (2007)
Where and what is the right shift factor or cerebral dominance gene? A critique of Francks et al. (2007)
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DOI：
10.1080/13576500802574984
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Priddle, T. H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Crow, T. J.;Close, J. P.;Priddle, T. H.
弗兰克斯等人。 (2007, p. 1129) 声称已经确定了第一个对人类惯用手的潜在遗传影响，以及第一个对人类大脑不对称变异性的假定遗传影响，以及一个构成人类认知、行为和情感基础的基因 (p. 1129)。我们批评这一说法的理由是，作者对精神病和相对手部技能的传播方式做出了不合理的假设，他们未能建立父母起源效应，并且忽视了先前关于惯用手和不对称遗传基础的发现。我们认为其中一些错误与应用连锁不平衡来检测群体中常见的变异有关，并且与定义物种的特征有关。虽然我们同意（而且实际上是首次提出）精神病背后的变异与大脑扭矩有内在联系，我们认为大脑扭矩是语言的解剖学基础，但我们对 Francks 等人提出的 LRRTM1 数据并不信服。我们认为，对于位于原始人特异性 Xq21.3/Yp11.2 同源区域的原钙粘蛋白 11X/Y 基因对，可以提出更有力的案例，该基因对是由 6 至 5 百万年前的 X 复制产生的，并且经历了许多染色体和序列变化。该基因对可以解释相对手部技能与性别依赖的语言和非语言能力之间的关系，以及精神病中反映性别和偏侧性之间相互作用的大脑形态变化，这些变化已经在文献中确立。
Francks et al. (2007, p. 1129) claim to have identified The first potential genetic influence on human handedness and the first putative genetic effect on variability in human brain asymmetry and a gene that underlies much of human cognition, behaviour and emotion (p. 1129). We criticise this claim on the basis that the authors have made unjustified assumptions concerning mode of transmission both of psychosis and relative hand skill, that they have failed to establish a parent of origin effect, and have overlooked previous findings concerning the genetic basis of handedness and asymmetry. We suggest that some of these errors relate to the application of linkage disequilibrium to detect variation that is common in the population and relates to the characteristic that defines the species. While we agree (and indeed first proposed) that the variation underlying psychosis is intrinsically related to the cerebral torque, which we take to be the anatomical basis of language, we are unconvinced by the data for LRRTM1 presented by Francks et al. We consider that a stronger case can be mounted for the Protocadherin11X/Y gene pair located in the hominid specific Xq21.3/Yp11.2 region of homology that was generated by a duplication from the X between 6 and 5 million years ago and that has been subject to a number of chromosomal and sequence changes. This gene pair can account for relationships between relative hand skill and verbal and non-verbal ability that are sex dependent, and morphological changes in the brain in psychosis that reflect interactions between sex and laterality, which are already established in the literature.