Phylogenetics of the common raven complex (Corvus: Corvidae) and the utility of ND4, COI and intron 7 of the β-fibrinogen gene in avian molecular systematics
Phylogenetics of the common raven complex (Corvus: Corvidae) and the utility of ND4, COI and intron 7 of the β-fibrinogen gene in avian molecular systematics
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1463-6409.2005.00182.x
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发表时间：
2005-03-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Omland, KE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Feldman, CR;Omland, KE
乌鸦(Corvus Corax)是世界上分布最广、知名度最高的鸟类之一。然而，最近的分子工作描述了普通乌鸦的两个线粒体谱系，被称为霍尔北极支系和加利福尼亚州支系，并通过将奇马尔曼乌鸦(C.cryptleucus)姐妹放在加利福尼亚州支系中来质疑这个分类群的单系性。我们用更多的序列数据和更多的分类单元样本来评估这一系统发育假说。1，我们使用了类似3.7kb的DNA序列数据，来自线粒体编码基因cot、cyt b和nd4的片段，非编码线粒体DNA控制区的片段，以及核β-纤维蛋白原基因的整个内含子7(β-fifiint 7)。我们将这些DNA序列数据结合在一起，建立了常见乌鸦及其相关类群的血统关系的假设。最大简约法、最大似然法和贝叶斯法产生一只形而上学的普通乌鸦。这些分析将吉娃娃乌鸦安置在普通乌鸦中，有力地支持了吉娃娃乌鸦和加利福尼亚支系之间的姐妹关系。此外，白眉乌鸦(C.albus)也在普通乌鸦体内筑巢，是全北极支系的姐妹。我们的分析揭示了在这个形态保守的属中确定系统发育关系和物种边界的挑战，并表明未来随着分类单元采样的增加，分子工作将揭示神秘的物种和新的进化关系。最后，这项调查是越来越多的使用β-纤维蛋白7或COT的鸟类系统发育研究之一，也是第一次使用ND4。我们开发了一种简单的方法来比较分子标记的进化速度，并表明在乌鸦中，核内含子β-Fibint 7的进化速度比线粒体标记慢得多，而Cot的进化速度比Cytb慢，ND4的进化速度与Cytb大致相同。因此，Beta-fiint 7和其他单个核内含子在解决最近进化的类群之间的关系方面的作用可能有限，而COI和ND4在广泛的鸟类分子遗传学研究中应该是有用的。
The common raven (Corvus corax) is one of the most widely distributed and recognizable avian species in the world. Recent molecular work, however, described two mitochondrial lineages of the common raven, termed the Holarctic clade and the California clade, and questioned the monophyly of this taxon by placing the Chilmalman raven (C. cryptoleucus) sister to the California clade. We evaluated this phylogenetic hypothesis with additional sequence data and increased taxon sampling. 1,We used similar to 3.7 kb of DNA sequence data from sections of the mitochondrial coding genes COT, cyt b and ND4, a fragment of the non-coding mitochondrial DNA control region, and the entire intron 7 of the nuclear beta-fibrinogen gene (beta-fibint 7). We combined these DNA sequence data to erect hypotheses of relationships for lineages of the common raven and related taxa. Maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian methods yield a paraphyletic common raven. These analyses nest the Chihuahuan raven within the common raven, with strong support for a sister relationship between the Chihuahuan raven and the California clade. In addition, the pied crow (C. albus) is also nested within the common raven, and is sister to the Holarctic clade. Our analyses reveal the challenge of determining phylogenetic relationships and species boundaries in this morphologically conservative genus, and suggest that future molecular work with increased taxon sampling will uncover cryptic species and novel evolutionary relationships. Lastly, this survey is one of a growing number of avian phylogenetic studies to employ either beta-fibint 7 or COT, and the first to use ND4. We developed a simple procedure for comparing rates of evolution in molecular markers, and show that in Corvus the nuclear intron beta-fibint 7 is evolving at a considerably slower pace than the mitochondrial markers, while COT is evolving at a slower rate than cyt b, and ND4 approximately the same rate as cyt b. Hence, beta-fibint 7 and other individual nuclear introns may have limited utility in resolving relationships among recently evolved taxa, whereas both COI and ND4 should be useful in a wide range of avian molecular genetic investigations.