Phrase Structure and Movement in Japanese
Phrase Structure and Movement in Japanese
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日语的短语结构和动作
DOI：
10.1093/acrefore/9780199384655.013.286
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Mamoru Saito
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yosuke Sato;Yuka Imai;Moka Michihata;Yosuke Sato;Mamoru Saito;Mamoru Saito
日语在短语结构和运动方面具有独特的特点。众所周知，它的短语结构是严格的中心语结尾。它还提供了充分的证据，证明一个句子可能有比其表面形式所暗示的更复杂的结构。使役句是这方面最著名的例子。它们看起来是简单的句子，动词伴随着使役后缀-sase。但使役后缀是一个独立的动词，在句法表现上是一个小句vP补语。日语句子在右边缘可以有丰富的结构。例如，嵌入式子句可能包含多达三个显性补语，分别对应于Finite（no）、Interrogative（ka）和Report/Force（to）。母体从句可以以话语助词序列结尾，如wa、yo和ne。每一个补语和话语助词都有自己的选择要求。需要更多的研究来解决名义结构中的功能中心。其中有争议的问题是D是否存在以及格标记是否应该作为独立的中心词进行分析。
Japanese exhibits some unique features with respect to phrase structure and movement. It is well-known that its phrase structure is strictly head-final. It also provides ample evidence that a sentence may have more complex structure than its surface form suggests. Causative sentences are the best-known example of this. They appear to be simple sentences with verbs accompanying the causative suffix,-sase. But the causative suffix is an independent verb and takes a small clause vP complement in the syntactic representation. Japanese sentences can have a rich structure in the right periphery. For example, embedded clauses may contain up to three overt complementizers, corresponding to Finite (no), Interrogative (ka), and Report/Force (to). Matrix clauses may end in a sequence of discourse particles, such as wa, yo, and ne. Each of the complementizers and discourse particles has a selectional requirement of its own. More research is required to settle on the functional heads in the nominal structure. Among the controversial issues are whether D is present and whether Case markers should be analyzed as independent heads.