Time-Domain Grating with a Periodically Driven Qutrit
Time-Domain Grating with a Periodically Driven Qutrit
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具有周期性驱动 Qutrit 的时域光栅
DOI：
10.1103/physrevapplied.11.014053
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
You J Q
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Han Yingying;Luo Xiao Qing;Li Tie Fu;Zhang Wenxian;Wang Shuai Peng;Tsai J S;Nori Franco;You J Q
时域中的物理系统可能在真实的空间中表现出类似的现象，例如时间晶体、时域菲涅耳透镜和量子位中的调制干涉。本文报道了在周期性调制的探测场和控制场中用超导量子阱实现时域光栅的两种实验方案：同步调制和互补调制。实验和数值计算结果显示调制Autler-Townes（AT）和调制诱导衍射（MID）的影响。理论结果还证实，AT和MID效应的干涉条纹的峰位是由通常的二能级相对相位决定的，而观测到的衍射条纹只出现在互补调制中，而与三能级相对相位有关。进一步分析表明，这种单原子时域衍射是由两个时域光栅之间的相关效应引起的。此外，我们发现衍射条纹的宽度与控制场功率无关。我们的研究结果揭示了调制多能级系统的量子相干性的实验探索，并可能在快速全微波开关和量子门操作中的强驱动制度找到有前途的应用。
Physical systems in the time domain may exhibit analogous phenomena in real space, such as time crystals, time-domain Fresnel lenses, and modulational interference in a qubit. Here we report the experimental realization of time-domain grating using a superconducting qutrit in periodically modulated probe and control fields via two schemes: Simultaneous modulation and complementary modulation. Both experimental and numerical results exhibit modulated Autler-Townes (AT) and modulation-induced diffraction (MID) effects. Theoretical results also confirm that the peak positions of the interference fringes of AT and MID effects are determined by the usual two-level relative phases, while the observed diffraction fringes, appearing only in the complementary modulation, are however related to the three-level relative phase. Further analysis indicates that such a single-atom time-domain diffraction originates from the correlation effect between the two time-domain gratings. Moreover, we find that the widths of the diffraction fringes are independent of the control-field power. Our results shed light on the experimental exploration of quantum coherence for modulated multi-level systems and may find promising applications in fast all-microwave switches and quantum-gate operations in the strong-driving regime.