Temperature Variation in the Cutting Tool in End Milling
Temperature Variation in the Cutting Tool in End Milling
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DOI：
10.1115/1.4003615
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发表时间：
2011-04-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Tanaka, Hisataka
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sato, Masahiko;Tamura, Naoki;Tanaka, Hisataka
本文描述了立铣刀切削刀具前刀面下方的循环温度变化。新开发的配备有两根光纤的红外辐射高温计用于测量温度。在刀具刀片上从下侧到前刀面附近钻一个小孔，并将光纤插入该孔中。其中一根光纤穿过机床主轴内部，并在主轴末端连接到另一根光纤。加工过程中从刀具刀片孔底部辐射的红外线被两根光纤接收并传输到高温计。为了对端铣温度进行理论分析，将切削刀具建模为半无限矩形角，并使用格林函数方法。分析中考虑了端铣中刀具与切屑接触长度的变化。实验中，使用碳化钨刀具刀片以 214 m/min 的切削速度对钛合金 Ti-6Al-4V 进行上下铣削加工。在逆铣中，前刀面下方的温度在切削期间逐渐升高，并在切削后达到最大值。相反，在顺铣中，切削开始后温度立即升高；在切割过程中它达到最大值然后开始减小。这表明在加热过程中对切削刀具的热影响在顺铣中比在逆铣中更大，而在冷却过程中对切削刀具的热影响在逆铣中比在逆铣中更大。在距前刀面不同深度处测量温度变化。随着距前刀面的深度增加，温度降低并且温度历史中出现时间滞后。在距主切削刃 0.6 mm 处，朝向刀具刀片内部方向的温度梯度约为 300 摄氏度/0.5 mm。计算结果与实验结果吻合良好。 [DOI：10.1115/1.4003615]
This paper describes the cyclic temperature variation beneath the rake face of a cutting tool in end milling. A newly developed infrared radiation pyrometer equipped with two optical fibers is used to measure the temperature. A small hole is drilled in the tool insert from the underside to near the rake face, and an optical fiber is inserted in the hole. One of the optical fibers runs through the inside of the machine tool spindle and connects to the other optical fiber at the end of the spindle. Infrared rays radiating from the bottom of the hole in the tool insert during machining are accepted and transmitted to the pyrometer by the two optical fibers. For a theoretical analysis of the temperature in end milling, a cutting tool is modeled as a semi-infinite rectangular corner, and a Green's function approach is used. Variation in tool-chip contact length in end milling is considered in the analysis. Experimentally, titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V is machined in up and down milling with a tungsten carbide tool insert at a cutting speed of 214 m/min. In up milling, the temperature beneath the rake face increases gradually during the cutting period and reaches a maximum just after the cutting. In contrast, in down milling, the temperature increases immediately after cutting starts; it reaches a maximum and then begins to decrease during cutting. This suggests that the thermal impact to the cutting tool during heating is larger in down milling than in up milling, whereas that during cooling is larger in up milling than in down milling. Temperature variation is measured at different depths from the rake face. With increasing depth from the rake face, the temperature decreases and a time lag occurs in the temperature history. At 0.6 mm from the major cutting edge, the temperature gradient toward the inner direction of the tool insert is about 300 degrees C/0.5 mm. The calculated and experimental results agree well. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4003615]