Aerosol Effects on Idealized Supercell Thunderstorms in Different Environments
Aerosol Effects on Idealized Supercell Thunderstorms in Different Environments
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DOI：
10.1175/jas-d-14-0037.1
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发表时间：
2014-11
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
E. Kalina;K. Friedrich;H. Morrison;G. Bryan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Kalina;K. Friedrich;H. Morrison;G. Bryan
利用天气研究与预报模式（WRF），在15个云凝结核（CCN）浓度（100-10 000 cm−3）条件下，利用4个不同的低层相对湿度（RH）和垂直风切变值的环境探测资料，模拟了理想化的超级单体雷暴。的莫里森微物理方案是使用显式预测的云滴数浓度和一个可变的形状参数的雨滴大小分布（从模拟结果与一个固定的形状参数也被提出）。微物理过程速率随云凝结核浓度的变化在云凝结核浓度超过3000 cm−3时可以忽略不计。冷池特性随云凝结核浓度的变化是非单调的，且与环境条件密切相关。在有中等垂直风切变的潮湿条件下，冷池面积相对于CCN浓度几乎不变，而在干燥RH和大垂直风切变的探空中，冷池面积分别减少了84%和22%。
AbstractIdealized supercell thunderstorms are simulated with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model at 15 cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentrations (100–10 000 cm−3) using four environmental soundings with different low-level relative humidity (RH) and vertical wind shear values. The Morrison microphysics scheme is used with explicit prediction of cloud droplet number concentration and a variable shape parameter for the raindrop size distribution (results from simulations with a fixed shape parameter are also presented). Changes in the microphysical process rates with CCN concentration are negligible beyond CCN ≈ 3000 cm−3. Changes in cold pool characteristics with CCN concentration are nonmonotonic and highly dependent on the environmental conditions. In moist conditions with moderate vertical wind shear, the cold pool area is nearly constant with respect to CCN concentration, while the area is reduced by 84% and 22% in the soundings with dry RH and large vertical wind shear, respectively....