Preparing towards Preventing and Containing an Ebola Virus Disease Outbreak: What Sociocultural Practices May Affect Containment Efforts in Ghana?
Preparing towards Preventing and Containing an Ebola Virus Disease Outbreak: What Sociocultural Practices May Affect Containment Efforts in Ghana?
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pntd.0004852
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发表时间：
2016-07-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Adanu, Richard M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Adongo, Philip Baba;Tabong, Philip Teg-Nefaah;Adanu, Richard M.
研究背景埃博拉病毒病（Ebola Virus Disease，EVD）是一种高病死率疾病。虽然这种疾病是致命的，但采取预防措施减少与感染者及其分泌物的接触可以防止交叉感染。在2014年EVD爆发中，社会文化因素被确定为导致该疾病在西非三个受影响最严重的国家传播的原因。有鉴于此，我们进行了这项研究，以确定社会文化因素，可能会影响预防和遏制EVD在加纳和如何解决这种practice.MethodsWe进行了描述性定性研究，在加纳的五个地区。与社区成员（每个地区4名）和护士（每个地区1名）进行了25次焦点小组讨论（每个地区5次）。此外，还与各利益攸关方和舆论领袖进行了四十（40）次深入访谈;每个区域八次。所有访谈都用数字录音机录音并转录。借助Nvivo 10的窗口，我们分析了数据，使用框架analysis.ResultsWe发现，社会文化的做法，如照顾尸体的死者和埋葬的做法，守寡仪式和涂油儿童用水冲洗死者，是常见的。这些做法要求个人直接接触死者或用于照顾死者的物品。社会规范还要求在所有社交聚会中经常握手，如葬礼和宗教集会。我们还发现，自我药疗（使用草药和正统药物）是一种常见的做法。人们同时使用生物医学和非正统的健康渠道，或在时间的顺序ill-health.ConclusionThe研究的结论是，高风险的社会文化习俗是常见的加纳人，一般被认为是不可或缺的。这些高风险做法可能会在爆发疫情时阻碍遏制工作。社区领导人应参与任何社会动员，以改变这些做法，作为准备工作的一部分。
BackgroundEbola Virus Disease (EVD) is a condition with high fatality. Though the disease is deadly, taking precautions to reduce contact with infected people and their secretions can prevent cross-infection. In the 2014 EVD outbreak, socio-cultural factors were identified to be responsible for the spread of the disease in the three most affected countries in West Africa. In this light, we undertook this study to identify socio-cultural factors that may influence the prevention and containment of EVD in Ghana and ways to address such practices.MethodsWe conducted a descriptive qualitative study in five regions in Ghana. Twenty-five focus group discussions ( 5 in each region) with community members ( 4 in each region) and nurses ( 1 in each region) were conducted. In addition, forty ( 40) in-depth interviews were conducted with various stakeholders and opinion leaders; eight in each region. All interviews were recorded using a digital voice recorder and transcribed. With the aid of Nvivo 10 for windows, we analyzed the data using framework analysis.ResultsWe found that socio-cultural practices, such as care of the body of dead and burial practices, widowhood rites and anointing children with water used to rinse the dead, were common. These practices require individuals coming into direct contact with either the dead or items used to take care of the dead. Social norms also require frequent handshakes in all social gatherings such as funeral, and religious congregations. We also found that selfmedication ( using herbs and orthodox medications) was a common practice. People use both biomedical and non-orthodox health outlets either simultaneously or in sequence in times of ill-health.ConclusionThe study concludes that high risk socio-cultural practices were common among Ghanaians and generally perceived as indispensable. These high risk practices may hinder containment efforts in the event of an outbreak. Community leaders should be engaged in any social mobilization to modify these practices as part of preparation efforts.