Calcium signals that determine vascular resistance
Calcium signals that determine vascular resistance
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DOI：
10.1002/wsbm.1448
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发表时间：
2019-09-01
影响因子：
7.9
通讯作者：
Sonkusare, Swapnil K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ottolini, Matteo;Hong, Kwangseok;Sonkusare, Swapnil K.
体内的小动脉控制血管阻力，从而控制血压和血流量。动脉壁中的内皮细胞和平滑肌细胞通过随时改变血管阻力来响应各种刺激。平滑肌细胞可以通过收缩或舒张直接影响动脉直径，而排列在动脉内壁上的内皮细胞则调节周围平滑肌细胞的收缩状态。胞质钙是内皮细胞和平滑肌细胞功能的关键驱动因素。胞质钙可以通过 IP3 或兰尼定受体从细胞内储存的钙释放或通过细胞膜离子通道流入细胞外钙来增加。根据细胞类型、空间定位、钙信号来源和激活的钙敏感靶标，特定的钙信号可以扩张或收缩动脉。脉管系统中的钙信号根据其来源、动力学以及空间和时间特性可分为几种类型。平滑肌和内皮细胞中的钙信号传导机制已在天然或新鲜分离的细胞中进行了广泛研究，因此，本综述仅限于对天然或新鲜分离的细胞中的研究的讨论。本文分类为：生物机制 > 细胞信号传导实验室方法和技术 > 系统特性和过程的成像模型 > 机制模型
Small arteries in the body control vascular resistance, and therefore, blood pressure and blood flow. Endothelial and smooth muscle cells in the arterial walls respond to various stimuli by altering the vascular resistance on a moment to moment basis. Smooth muscle cells can directly influence arterial diameter by contracting or relaxing, whereas endothelial cells that line the inner walls of the arteries modulate the contractile state of surrounding smooth muscle cells. Cytosolic calcium is a key driver of endothelial and smooth muscle cell functions. Cytosolic calcium can be increased either by calcium release from intracellular stores through IP3 or ryanodine receptors, or the influx of extracellular calcium through ion channels at the cell membrane. Depending on the cell type, spatial localization, source of a calcium signal, and the calcium-sensitive target activated, a particular calcium signal can dilate or constrict the arteries. Calcium signals in the vasculature can be classified into several types based on their source, kinetics, and spatial and temporal properties. The calcium signaling mechanisms in smooth muscle and endothelial cells have been extensively studied in the native or freshly isolated cells, therefore, this review is limited to the discussions of studies in native or freshly isolated cells. This article is categorized under: Biological Mechanisms > Cell Signaling Laboratory Methods and Technologies > Imaging Models of Systems Properties and Processes > Mechanistic Models