Mapping cardiac pacemaker circuits: methodological puzzles of the sinoatrial node optical mapping.
Mapping cardiac pacemaker circuits: methodological puzzles of the sinoatrial node optical mapping.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1161/circresaha.109.209841
复制
发表时间：
2010-02-05
影响因子：
20.1
通讯作者：
Lin SF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Efimov IR;Fedorov VV;Joung B;Lin SF
从历史上看，科学上的里程碑通常与方法论上的突破有关。同样，心电图、微电极记录和最近的光学测绘的出现，在阐明心脏电生理的基本机制方面迎来了新的重要进展时期。然而，与任何新技术一样，数据解释具有挑战性，应该谨慎处理，因为它不能简单地从以前使用的方法中推断出来，并且随着经验和时间的推移最终会得到验证。这方面的一个很好的例子是在窦房结（SAN）中使用光学成像：当从心肌的同一部位获得微电极和光学记录时，可能会注意到信号形态学方面的显着不同的结果，因此必须用不同的原理来解释。鉴于光学制图的使用迅速普及，必须在解释由荧光电位敏感染料的光学传感器收集的数据的方法方面进行仔细的评价。对实验数据的不同解释可能导致不同的机理结论。这篇综述试图解决的起源和解释“双组分”形态的光学动作电位获得的SAN区。一种观点认为，这两种成分代表来自窦房结和心房细胞的不同信号，可以通过信号处理完全分离。第二种观点认为，第0期激活前的第一个组分代表了膜电流和细胞内钙瞬态诱导的SAN舒张期去极化。虽然两组的共识是离子机制，即膜和钙自动性的联合作用，在SAN功能中很重要，但尚不清楚双组分是来自记录方法还是代表潜在的生理学。本综述旨在促进对复杂三维解剖结构光学制图基本原理的共同理解。
Historically, milestones in science are usually associated with methodological breakthroughs. Likewise, the advent of electrocardiography, microelectrode recordings and more recently optical mapping have ushered in new periods of significance of advancement in elucidating basic mechanisms in cardiac electrophysiology. As with any novel technique, however, data interpretation is challenging and should be approached with caution, as it cannot be simply extrapolated from previously used methodologies and with experience and time eventually becomes validated. A good example of this is the use of optical mapping in the sinoatrial node (SAN): when microelectrode and optical recordings are obtained from the same site in myocardium, significantly different results may be noted with respect to signal morphology and as a result have to be interpreted by a different set of principles. Given the rapid spread of the use of optical mapping, careful evaluation must be made in terms of methodology with respect to interpretation of data gathered by optical sensors from fluorescent potential-sensitive dyes. Different interpretations of experimental data may lead to different mechanistic conclusions. This review attempts to address the origin and interpretation of the “double component” morphology in the optical action potentials obtained from the SAN region. One view is that these two components represent distinctive signals from the sinoatrial node and atrial cells, and can be fully separated with signal processing. A second view is that the first component preceding the phase 0 activation represents the membrane currents and intracellular calcium transients induced diastolic depolarization from the SAN. While the consensus from both groups is that ionic mechanisms, namely the joint action of the membrane and calcium automaticity, are important in the SAN function, it is unresolved whether the double-component originates from the recording methodology or represents the underlying physiology. This overview aims to advance a common understanding of the basic principles of optical mapping in complex three-dimensional anatomical structures.