On measuring economic values for nature
On measuring economic values for nature
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DOI：
10.1021/es990673l
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发表时间：
2000-04-15
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Smith, VK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bockstael, NE;Freeman, AM;Smith, VK
本文描述了经济学家如何为人们可以选择的事物赋予价值。生态系统功能或服务的经济价值与其对人类福利的贡献有关，其中人类福利是根据每个人自己的福祉评估来衡量的。在阐述了如何使用这个定义之后，本文描述了在衡量自然经济价值方面推进最先进技术的问题和机遇。这些论点是根据最近的研究得出的，这些研究试图估计全球范围内生态系统的经济价值。这一评估的一个含义是，生态学家和经济学家之间需要加强沟通。经济分析必须反映复杂的物理相互关系网络，将对生态系统某一部分产生有害影响的活动与对其他部分的潜在影响联系起来。同时，生态系统的经济价值接受消费者主权，并应被解释为对评估特定生态系统的明确变化所涉及的权衡的描述。
This paper describes how economists ascribe values to the things people can choose. The economic value of an ecosystem function or service relates to the contribution it makes to human welfare, where human welfare is measured in terms of each individual's own assessment of well-being. After developing how this definition is used, the paper describes problems and opportunities for advancing the state-of-the-art in measuring economic values for nature. These arguments are developed using recent studies that attempted to estimate economic values for ecosystems on a global scale. One implication of this evaluation is that there is a need for greater communication between ecologists and economists. Economic analyses must reflect the intricate web of physical interrelationships linking activities that have harmful effects in one part of an ecosystem to the potential effects on other parts. At the same time, economic values for ecosystems accept consumer sovereignty and should be interpreted as descriptions of the tradeoffs involved in evaluating well-defined changes to specific ecosystems.