Male sex pheromone release and female mate choice in a butterfly
Male sex pheromone release and female mate choice in a butterfly
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DOI：
10.1242/jeb.02726
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发表时间：
2007-03-15
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Wiklund, Christer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Andersson, Johan;Borg-Karlson, Anna-Karin;Wiklund, Christer
在蝴蝶中，雌性的择偶受到视觉和嗅觉的影响，后者在近距离内很重要。已知绿脉蝶（Pieris napi）的雄性释放柠檬醛（香叶醛和橙花醛的混合物，1：1），但其作用和释放条件尚不清楚。在这里，我们表明，雄性P. napi释放柠檬醛时，与同种男性，同种女性，异性男性和单独时。柠檬醛的释放量与雄性飞行活动密切相关，这解释了70%以上的变化。这表明雄性并不控制释放的开启或关闭，而是在飞行过程中作为一个被动的物理过程释放柠檬醛。触角电位实验表明，雌性触角对柠檬醛的反应是雄性的10倍。女性表示接受的行为时，暴露于模型与新鲜切除的男性翅膀或柠檬醛处理后的化学提取，但不与提取的翅膀。因此，这些行为和电生理测试提供了强有力的证据表明，柠檬醛是一个信号，从男性直接向女性在求偶期间，它的功能作为男性性信息素。
In butterflies female mate choice is influenced by both visual and olfactory cues, the latter of which are important at close range. Males of the green-veined butterfly, Pieris napi, are known to release citral ( mixture of geranial and neral, 1: 1), but its role(s) and conditions of release are not known. Here, we show that male P. napi release citral when interacting with conspecific males, conspecific females, heterospecific males and also when alone. The amount of citral released correlated strongly with male flight activity, which explained more than 70% of the variation. This suggests that males do not exercise control over turning release on or off, but rather that citral is emitted as a passive physical process during flight. Electroantennogram experiments showed that female antennal response was ten times more sensitive to citral than male response. Females expressed acceptance behavior when exposed to models made with freshly excised male wings or those treated with citral following chemical extraction, but not to ones with extracted wings only. Hence, these behavioral and electrophysiological tests provide strong evidence that citral is a signal from the male directed to the female during courtship, and that it functions as a male sex pheromone.