Friend and foe: factors influencing the movement of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori along the parasitism-mutualism continuum.
Friend and foe: factors influencing the movement of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori along the parasitism-mutualism continuum.
复制标题
朋友和敌人：影响幽门螺杆菌沿着寄生-互惠连续体运动的因素。
DOI：
10.1111/eva.12231
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Lin D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lin D
了解细菌物种从细菌到病原体的转变，或者反之亦然，是进化理论在预防医学中的关键应用。这需要宿主和细菌之间的分子相互作用，微生物之间的生态相互作用，细菌流行或宿主生活史的空间变化以及对这些因素的反应的进化的工作知识。然而，很少有系统可以提供如此广泛的数据集。一个例外是革兰氏阴性细菌幽门螺杆菌，它感染了全球50%以上的人口。这种细菌与广泛的人类胃肠道疾病有关，包括许多癌症，炎症性疾病和病原性感染，但也已知通过与其他病原体的相互作用间接和直接地为其宿主提供健身益处。因此，悬而未决的问题是为什么，何时以及如何这种细菌沿着沿着共生连续体过渡。我们研究了已知的毒力因子，宿主的遗传易感性，以及影响临床疾病进展的环境因素，并帮助确定疾病发病率的地理趋势。我们还强调了相互作用的复杂性，并根据细菌及其人类宿主之间的长期进化历史，讨论了疾病管理和公共卫生的未来治疗策略。
Understanding the transition of bacterial species from commensal to pathogen, or vice versa, is a key application of evolutionary theory to preventative medicine. This requires working knowledge of the molecular interaction between hosts and bacteria, ecological interactions among microbes, spatial variation in bacterial prevalence or host life history, and evolution in response to these factors. However, there are very few systems for which such broad datasets are available. One exception is the gram‐negative bacterium,Helicobacter pylori,which infects upwards of 50% of the global human population. This bacterium is associated with a wide breadth of human gastrointestinal disease, including numerous cancers, inflammatory disorders, and pathogenic infections, but is also known to confer fitness benefits to its host both indirectly, through interactions with other pathogens, and directly. Outstanding questions are therefore why, when, and how this bacterium transitions along the parasitism–mutualism continuum. We examine known virulence factors, genetic predispositions of the host, and environmental contributors that impact progression of clinical disease and help define geographical trends in disease incidence. We also highlight the complexity of the interaction and discuss future therapeutic strategies for disease management and public health in light of the longstanding evolutionary history between the bacterium and its human host.