Impact of Marxist feminism on Japanese women’s movement: Focusing on the domestic labor debates
Impact of Marxist feminism on Japanese women’s movement: Focusing on the domestic labor debates
复制标题
马克思主义女权主义对日本妇女运动的影响：聚焦家政劳动争论
DOI：
10.1080/2329194x.2021.1874827
复制
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kumiko Ida
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tomoko Nakahara;Kumiko Ida;Kazuyo Yamda;Kumiko Ida
马克思主义女权主义一词是从西方传入日本的，20世纪80年代以后出现在日本。最具代表性的理论家是上野千子，他为包括马克思主义女性主义在内的日本女性主义理论的发展做出了巨大贡献。应该指出的是，这一论点在日本并不新鲜，在20世纪70年代，当西方国家开始讨论国内劳动理论时，日本存在着Takenaka Emiko、Iijima Aiko等人最初的讨论，这些讨论可以追溯到第二次世界大战之前的社会主义妇女问题，如山川纪子。特别值得注意的是1960年藤子和水田玉美的家庭主妇辩论，这场辩论已经开创了马克思主义女权主义，20世纪70年代的大多数理论家继承了20世纪60年代的论点。自1990年代以来，将家务和育儿视为劳动的观点反映在颁布相关法律的对儿童和老年人看护的社会支持中。这一变化伴随着妇女工人运动和消除对妇女的暴力等妇女人权问题。可以说，家庭劳工辩论所形成的“家务就是劳动”的认识，推动了对劳动的父权观念的动摇，并促成了各种以前被忽视的有关妇女的运动的出现。
The term Marxist feminism was introduced from the West and appeared in Japan after the 1980s. The representative theorist was Ueno Chizuko, who greatly contributed to the development of feminist theories in Japan, including Marxist feminism. It should be noted that this argument was not new in Japan, and in the 1970s, when the domestic labour theories began to be discussed in Western countries, there existed in Japan the original discussions by Takenaka Emiko, Iijima Aiko and others, which go back to the issue of socialist women, such as Yamakawa Kikue, before the Second World War. Of particular note was the 1960 housewife debate by Isono Fujiko and Mizuta Tamae, which had already pioneered Marxist feminism and most of the theorists in the 1970s succeeded the argument of the 1960s. Since the 1990s, the perspective of considering housework and childcare as labour has been reflected in social support for child and elderly care enacting the related laws. The change was accompanied by the women’s labour movement and women’s human rights issues such as the elimination of violence against women. It can be said that the recognition that ‘housework is labour’, formed by the domestic labour debate, as a whole, contributed to shake the patriarchal concept of labour and empowered the emergence of various movements concerning women that had been overlooked before.