ARSENIC AND CADMIUM EXPOSURE IN CHILDREN LIVING NEAR A SMELTER COMPLEX IN SAN-LUIS-POTOSI, MEXICO
ARSENIC AND CADMIUM EXPOSURE IN CHILDREN LIVING NEAR A SMELTER COMPLEX IN SAN-LUIS-POTOSI, MEXICO
复制标题
DOI：
10.1006/enrs.1993.1109
复制
发表时间：
1993-08-01
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
CEBRIAN, ME
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DIAZBARRIGA, F;SANTOS, MA;CEBRIAN, ME
本研究的主要目的是评估冶炼厂社区（圣刘易斯波托西市，梅西科）砷和镉的环境污染及其可能导致儿童体内这些元素的负担增加。砷和镉存在于环境（空气、土壤、家庭灰尘和自来水）以及儿童的尿液和头发中。这项研究是在三个地区进行的：Morales，一个靠近冶炼厂的城市地区; Graciano，一个距离冶炼厂7公里的城市地区; Mexquitic，一个距离冶炼厂25公里的农村小镇。环境研究表明，莫拉莱斯是所研究地区中污染最严重的地区。暴露区土壤（117-1396 ppm）、粉尘（515-2625 ppm）和空气（0.13-1.45 μg/m3）中砷含量范围均高于对照区。莫拉莱斯的镉浓度也较高。莫拉莱斯的砷摄入率估计值（1.0-19.8 μg/kg/天）等于或高于环境保护局计算的参考剂量1 μg/kg/天。尿中砷含量（69-594微克/克肌酐）和头发中砷含量（1.4 -57.3微克/克）以及头发中镉含量（0.25-3.5微克/克）的范围表明，环境暴露已导致儿童体内这些元素的负担增加，这表明如果继续暴露，生活在莫拉莱斯的儿童遭受不良健康影响的风险很高。
The main purpose of this study was to assess environmental contamination by arsenic and cadmium in a smelter community (San Luis Potosi City, México) and its possible contribution to an increased body burden of these elements in children. Arsenic and cadmium were found in the environment (air, soil, and household dust, and tap water) as well as in the urine and hair from children. The study was undertaken in three zones: Morales, an urban area close to the smelter complex; Graciano, an urban area 7 km away from the complex; and Mexquitic, a small rural town 25 km away. The environmental study showed that Morales is the most contaminated of the zones studied. The range of arsenic levels in soil (117–1396 ppm), dust (515–2625 ppm), and air (0.13–1.45 μg/m3) in the exposed area (Morales) was higher than those in the control areas. Cadmium concentrations were also higher in Morales. Estimates of the arsenic ingestion rate in Morales (1.0–19.8 μg/kg/day) were equal to or higher than the reference dose of I μg/kg/day calculated by the Environmental Protection Agency. The range of arsenic levels in urine (69–594 μg/g creatinine) and hair (l.4–57.3 μg/g) and that of cadmium in hair (0.25–3.5 μg/g) indicated that environmental exposure has resulted in an increased body burden of these elements in children, suggesting that children living in Morales are at high risk of suffering adverse health effects if exposure continues.