Information Quality
Information Quality
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信息质量
DOI：
10.1007/s13347-013-0101-3
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Floridi L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Floridi L
最发达的后工业社会依靠信息生活，信息和通信技术使他们保持氧气。因此，交换的信息质量越好，这样的社会及其成员就越有可能繁荣。但是什么是信息质量（IQ）呢？近年来，这个问题变得越来越紧迫。然而，到目前为止，我们的答案并不令人满意。在美国，2000年颁布的《信息质量法》，也被称为《数据质量法》，几乎没有定义文本中的每个关键概念。因此，它要求管理和预算办公室“向各机构颁布指导，确保联邦机构传播的信息（包括统计信息）的质量、客观性、实用性和完整性”。不出所料，这些指导方针受到了很多批评，此后一直在进行审查。在英国，处理智商问题的一些最持久的努力与国民健康服务（NHS）有关。早在2001年，肯尼迪报告4就承认：“所有的医疗保健都是由信息驱动的，因此与信息贫乏相关的威胁是对NHS医疗保健服务质量和治理的直接风险。”然而，在2004年，NHS信息质量保证咨询5仍然强调“信息和数据质量的考虑变得更加复杂，因为人们普遍认为信息/数据质量有许多不同的方面，但对于这些方面是什么没有明确的共识”。
The most developed post-industrial societies live by information, and information and communication technologies keep them oxygenated (English 2009). So, the better the quality of the information exchanged, the more likely such societies and their members may prosper. But what is information quality (IQ) exactly? The question has become increasingly pressing in recent years. 1 Yet, our answers have been less than satisfactory so far.In the USA, the Information Quality Act, also known as the Data Quality Act, 2 enacted in 2000, left undefined virtually every key concept in the text. So, it required the Office of Management and Budget “to promulgate guidance to agencies ensuring the quality, objectivity, utility, and integrity of information (including statistical information) disseminated by Federal agencies”. Unsurprisingly, the guidelines have received much criticism and have been under review ever since. 3 In the UK, some of the most sustained efforts in dealing with IQ issues have concerned the National Health Service (NHS). Already in 2001, the Kennedy Report4 acknowledged that:“All health care is information driven, so the threat associated with poor information is a direct risk to the quality of healthcare service and governance in the NHS”. However, in 2004, the NHS Information Quality Assurance Consultation5 still stressed that “Consideration of information and data quality are made more complex by the general agreement that there are a number of different aspects to information/data quality but no clear agreement as to what these are”.