Income inequality, poverty, and population health: Evidence from recent data for the United States
Income inequality, poverty, and population health: Evidence from recent data for the United States
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2005.04.038
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发表时间：
2005-12-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Ram, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ram, R
在这项研究中，2000年和1990年的美国州级数据被用来提供额外的证据，收入不平等和贫困在人口健康中的作用。注意到五个要点。首先，与最近几项研究中提出的建议相反，收入不平等参数被认为是相当稳健的，在根据几个观察集和相当广泛的具体选择估计的死亡率方程中具有统计意义。第二，证据并不表明，收入不平等的重要性是失去了教育变量。第三，同样，当加入种族变量时，收入不平等参数显示出显著性，并且当输入种族和城市化术语时也显示出显著性。第四，虽然贫穷被认为有一些增加死亡率的后果，但收入不平等的作用似乎更大。第五，收入不平等保持统计意义时，二次收入项被添加，也如果一个相当包容的模型的对数-对数版本的估计。因此，我建议重新考虑最近几位学者对根据美国数据估计的死亡率方程中收入不平等参数的稳健性所表达的怀疑。(c)2005 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。
In this study, state-level US data for the years 2000 and 1990 are used to provide additional evidence on the roles of income inequality and poverty in population health. Five main points are noted. First, contrary to the suggestion made in several recent studies, the income inequality parameter is observed to be quite robust and carries statistical significance in mortality equations estimated from several observation sets and a fairly wide variety of specificational choices. Second, the evidence does not indicate that significance of income inequality is lost when education variables are included. Third, similarly, the income inequality parameter shows significance when a race variable is added, and also when both race and urbanization terms are entered. Fourth, while poverty is seen to have some mortality-increasing consequence, the role of income inequality appears stronger. Fifth, income inequality retains statistical significance when a quadratic income term is added and also if the log-log version of a fairly inclusive model is estimated. I therefore suggest that the recent skepticism articulated by several scholars in regard to the robustness of the income inequality parameters in mortality equations estimated from the US data should be reconsidered. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.