The role of various structures in the head on the formation of the biosonar beam of the baiji (Lipotes vexillifer).
The role of various structures in the head on the formation of the biosonar beam of the baiji (Lipotes vexillifer).
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DOI：
10.1121/1.4941780
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发表时间：
2016-02
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Chong Wei;W. Au;Zhongchang Song;Yu Zhang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chong Wei;W. Au;Zhongchang Song;Yu Zhang
本文研究白暨豚头部各结构的相对作用。应用有限元方法数值模拟通过海豚头部的声传播，以检查头骨，气囊，和瓜在垂直面中的生物声纳波束的形成中的相对作用。将在整个头部就位的情况下获得的波束图案与当气囊被移除并且其他结构（颅骨和瓜）就位、仅颅骨被移除以及最后仅瓜被移除时的波束图案进行比较。气囊和颅骨完整，而甜瓜被移除的光束模式与完整头部的光束模式非常相似，这表明甜瓜在光束的形成中起着次要作用。另外两种情况下的波束模式与整个头部的波束模式几乎没有相似之处。气囊似乎有一个作用，直接传播的信号向前方和头骨防止声音传播下的rostrum。光束模式沿着与相关性分析表明，甜瓜只有轻微的影响的形状和方向的光束。从海豚头部射出的合成光束是动物头部内复杂反射过程的结果。
The relative role of the various structures in the head of the baiji (Lipotes vexillifer) is examined. A finite element approach was applied to numerically simulate the acoustic propagation through a dolphin's head to examine the relative role of the skull, air sacs, and melon in the formation of the biosonar beam in the vertical plane. The beam pattern obtained with the whole head in place is compared with the beam pattern when the air sac is removed and the other structures (skull and melon) are in place, with only the skull removed, and finally with only the melon removed. The beam pattern with the air sacs and skull intact and the melon removed closely resembled the beam pattern for the complete head, suggesting that the melon has a minor role in the formation of the beam. The beam pattern for the other two cases had very little resemblance to the beam pattern for the whole head. The air sacs seem to have a role of directing propagation of the signal toward the front and the skull prevents the sound propagating below the rostrum. The beam patterns along with a correlation analysis showed that the melon had only a slight influence on the shape and direction of the beam. The resultant beam exiting the head of the dolphin is the result of complex reflection processes within the head of the animal.