ELECTROMYOGRAPHIC ACTIVITY OVER FACIAL MUSCLE REGIONS CAN DIFFERENTIATE THE VALENCE AND INTENSITY OF AFFECTIVE REACTIONS
ELECTROMYOGRAPHIC ACTIVITY OVER FACIAL MUSCLE REGIONS CAN DIFFERENTIATE THE VALENCE AND INTENSITY OF AFFECTIVE REACTIONS
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.50.2.260
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发表时间：
1986-02-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
KIM, HS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CACIOPPO, JT;PETTY, RE;KIM, HS
传统上，社会心理学认为生理测量仅在评估一般唤醒方面有用，因此无法区分积极和消极的情感状态。本报告对这一观点提出质疑。在一项初步研究中，16名受试者短暂地接触了轻度到中度唤起积极和消极情绪的幻灯片和音调。面部肌电图（EMG）活动区分的效价和强度的情感反应。此外，独立法官无法通过观看受试者面部表情的录像带来确定是否呈现了积极或消极的刺激，或者是否呈现了轻度或中度强度的刺激。在整个实验中，28名受试者短暂地观看了一些场景的幻灯片，这些场景轻度到中度地唤起了积极和消极的情感。同样，在眉毛（皱眉肌），眼睛（眼轮匝肌）和脸颊（肌肉大）肌肉区域的EMG活动区分了个体对视觉刺激的情感反应的愉快程度和强度，即使视觉检查录像带再次表明情感表达并不明显。这些结果表明，梯度的肌电图活动的肌肉的面部表情可以提供客观和连续的探测情感过程，太微妙或短暂的唤起表情观察社会交往的正常条件下。
Physiological measures have traditionally been viewed in social psychology as useful only in assessing general arousal and therefore as incapable of distinguishing between positive and negative affective states. This view is challenged in the present report. Sixteen subjects in a pilot study were exposed briefly to slides and tones that were mildly to moderately evocative of positive and negative affect. Facial electromyographic (EMG) activity differentiated both the valence and intensity of the affective reaction. Moreover, independent judges were unable to determine from viewing videotapes of the subjects' facial displays whether a positive or negative stimulus had been presented or whether a mildly or moderately intense stimulus had been presented. In the full experiment, 28 subjects briefly viewed slides of scenes that were mildly to moderately evocative of positive and negative affect. Again, EMG activity over the brow (corrugator supercilia), eye (orbicularis oculi), and cheek (zygomatic major) muscle regions differentiated the pleasantness and intensity of individuals' affective reactions to the visual stimuli even though visual inspection of the videotapes again indicated that expressions of emotion were not apparent. These results suggest that gradients of EMG activity over the muscles of facial expression can provide objective and continuous probes of affective processes that are too subtle or fleeting to evoke expressions observable under normal conditions of social interaction.