Physiological Trade-Offs in Lizards: Costs for Individuals and Populations
Physiological Trade-Offs in Lizards: Costs for Individuals and Populations
复制标题
蜥蜴的生理权衡：个体和种群的成本
DOI：
10.1093/icb/icx062
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
French, Susannah S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Smith, Geoffrey D.;French, Susannah S.
免疫系统是健康和适应的关键组成部分，因此生物体必须保持足够的健康才能生存和繁殖。由于免疫在生物体适应性中的关键作用，免疫指标的使用被广泛使用。然而，对于解释免疫学数据的最佳方式缺乏经验支持，并且生物体的内部能量状态以及它所面临的外部环境压力通常不会同时考虑。较强的免疫反应并不总是对机体有益；如果动物在竞争系统（尤其是繁殖）上的性能成本更低，那么更弱的反应可能最终导致适应度的提高。此外，动物遇到的外部压力（如人为干扰）必须与动物的内部状态一起考虑。在不同的环境条件下，结合现场和实验室研究，利用一种经过充分研究的生物，侧斑蜥蜴，提出了解决免疫系统和生殖系统之间资源分配的综合结果。具体而言，本文讨论了在实验室环境中涉及特定免疫、生殖、代谢和性能成本的实验，以及生存与繁殖成功之间的相关人口权衡，证明了免疫与人口之间的重要联系。
The immune system is a critical component of health and fitness, whereby organisms must maintain sufficient health to survive to reproduce. Because of the key role of immunity in an organism’s fitness, the use of immunological indices is widespread. However, there is a paucity of empirical support for the best way to interpret immunological data, and the internal energetic state of the organism, as well as the external environmental pressures it faces, are often not considered concurrently. A stronger immune response is not always beneficial to the organism; a more attenuated response may ultimately lead to improved fitness if the animal incurs fewer performance costs on competing systems, especially reproduction. Additionally, the external pressures animals encounter (such as anthropogenic disturbance) must be considered along with the animal’s internal state. A synthesis of results addressing resource allocation between the immune and reproductive systems is presented using a well-studied organism, the side-blotched lizard, from a combination of field and laboratory studies under varying environmental conditions. Specifically, experiments involving specific immune, reproductive, metabolic, and performance costs in a laboratory setting are discussed, as well as associated demographic trade-offs between survival and reproductive success, demonstrating essential links between immunity and the population.