The effects of soil bulk density on the morphology and anchorage mechanics of the root systems of sunflower and maize
The effects of soil bulk density on the morphology and anchorage mechanics of the root systems of sunflower and maize
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DOI：
10.1006/anbo.1998.0822
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发表时间：
1999-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Ennos, AR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goodman, AM;Ennos, AR
研究了土壤容重对双子叶向日葵（Helianthus annuus L.）和单子叶玉米（Zen mays L.），通过比较田间种植的植物在低容重和高容重土壤中的形态和力学特性，研究了土壤容重对植物生长的影响。具有低堆积密度的土壤具有比高堆积密度土壤（325 +/- 12.2 kPa; P < 0.0001）显著更低的穿透阻力（118 +/- 4.4 kPa）。土壤强度影响两种植物的地上部和根系，但对地上部高度的影响不显著。在这两个物种的根更厚，更接近茎基部在强土壤相比，在较弱的土壤。向日葵主根在结实土壤中比在松软土壤中渐缩得快。然而，只有玉米在弱土中的根比在强土中的根硬。尽管只有小的绝对差异，在土壤中的渗透阻力，这两个物种生长在强土壤中有更大的锚固强度比那些在弱土壤。结果，与那些生长在坚固土壤中的植物相比，更多的植物在松软土壤中倒伏。这项研究表明，植物可以在很小程度上对土壤强度的变化做出反应，但这种变化似乎并不能完全补偿土壤条件的改变。此外，通过控制土壤强度，可以控制倒伏。(C)1999年《植物学年鉴》（Annals of Botany Company）
The effects of soil bulk density and hence strength on two contrasting species of herbaceous annuals, the dicot sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and the monocot maize (Zen mays L.), were investigated by comparing the morphology and mechanics of field-grown plants in soil with a low and high bulk density. Soil with a low bulk density had a significantly lower penetration resistance (118 +/- 4.4 kPa) than the high bulk density soil (325 +/- 12.2 kPa; P < 0.0001). Soil strength affected shoot and root systems of both species but had no significant effect on shoot height. In both species roots were thicker closer to the stem base in strong soil compared to those in weaker soil. Sunflower tap-roots growing in strong soil tapered more rapidly than those in weak soil. Only in maize, however, were roots growing in weak soil stiffer than those in strong soil. Despite only small absolute differences in the penetration resistance of the soil both species growing in strong soil had greater anchorage strength than those in weak soil. As a consequence more plants in weak soil lodged compared with those growing in strong soil. This study shows that plants can, to a small extent, respond to changes in soil strength, but that changes do not appear to compensate fully for alterations in soil conditions. Furthermore it may be possible, by manipulating soil strength, to control lodging. (C) 1999 Annals of Botany Company.