Mechanisms of Selective Attention in Generalized Anxiety Disorder.
Mechanisms of Selective Attention in Generalized Anxiety Disorder.
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DOI：
10.1177/2167702614545216
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发表时间：
2015-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Fox E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yiend J;Mathews A;Burns T;Dutton K;Fernández-Martín A;Georgiou GA;Luckie M;Rose A;Russo R;Fox E
一项成熟的文献已经确定了不同的选择性注意导向机制，这些机制是焦虑相关的注意偏见的基础，如注意力的投入和脱离。这些机制被认为有助于焦虑症的发作和维持。然而，迄今为止的结论在很大程度上依赖于亚临床样本的实验工作。因此，我们调查了被诊断为广泛性焦虑障碍（GAD）的个体、健康志愿者和高特质焦虑（但不符合GAD诊断标准）的个体。在两个实验中，我们发现广泛性焦虑症患者更快地从消极面孔（愤怒和恐惧）中解脱出来，这与亚临床文献所期望的结果相反。这些数据共同挑战了目前的假设，即我们可以将亚临床群体中发现的选择性注意力导向威胁的模式推广到广泛性焦虑症患者身上。我们建议进行一个决定性的两阶段实验，确定广泛性焦虑症的主要显著性刺激，然后利用这些来重新检查跨群体的定向机制。
A well-established literature has identified different selective attentional orienting mechanisms underlying anxiety-related attentional bias, such as engagement and disengagement of attention. These mechanisms are thought to contribute to the onset and maintenance of anxiety disorders. However, conclusions to date have relied heavily on experimental work from subclinical samples. We therefore investigated individuals with diagnosed generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), healthy volunteers, and individuals with high trait anxiety (but not meeting GAD diagnostic criteria). Across two experiments we found faster disengagement from negative (angry and fearful) faces in GAD groups, an effect opposite to that expected on the basis of the subclinical literature. Together these data challenge current assumptions that we can generalize, to those with GAD, the pattern of selective attentional orienting to threat found in subclinical groups. We suggest a decisive two-stage experiment identifying stimuli of primary salience in GAD, then using these to reexamine orienting mechanisms across groups.