THE PHYSIOLOGICAL-BASIS OF THE MINIMALLY DISTINCT BORDER DEMONSTRATED IN THE GANGLION-CELLS OF THE MACAQUE RETINA
THE PHYSIOLOGICAL-BASIS OF THE MINIMALLY DISTINCT BORDER DEMONSTRATED IN THE GANGLION-CELLS OF THE MACAQUE RETINA
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DOI：
10.1113/jphysiol.1990.sp017978
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发表时间：
1990-03-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
VALBERG, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
KAISER, PK;LEE, BB;VALBERG, A
1.最小不同边界方法涉及设置两个相邻的不同颜色的场的相对辐射度，直到它们之间的边界最小不同。在这些辐射率设置下，发现两个场具有相等的亮度。该任务与闪烁光度学共享光度学方法的所有要求。2.我们已经记录了猕猴神经节细胞的反应，这样的边界来回移动整个感受野的亮度跨越边界的大小是系统地变化。3.相神经节细胞对这些边界产生短暂的反应，包括根据亮度对比度和细胞类型（中心或偏离中心）的方向增加或减少放电率。紧张性神经节细胞给予持续的反应依赖于跨边界的颜色对比。4.阶段性细胞反应的分析显示出最小的接近相等的亮度，这表明它们的信号可以很容易地支持最小的不同边界任务。我们可以设计一个方案，使紧张细胞能够支持这项任务。5.光谱灵敏度的相位细胞，确定从他们的最小值，非常相似的10度发光效率的功能，所需的心理物理性能的机制。6.对于相位细胞，最小值是独立的运动速度，因此在自然观看条件下的眼球运动速度。7.用最小可区别边界法从心理学角度发现了比例性、可加性和及物性。所有这些特性也表现为阶段性细胞反应。8.残余反应存在于个别阶段性细胞等亮度边界，可能是由于M-和L-锥总和的非线性。剩余响应的幅度取决于边界两侧的波长，并且对于沿着三色色盲混淆线的成对光为零。这些残留的反应可能与残留的边界清晰度，在相同的亮度报告精神病。9.相位细胞之间的光谱灵敏度存在一定的变异性，这可以用对每个细胞的中波长和长波长锥输入的加权的变异性来描述。在等亮度边界的情况下，相位细胞群的残余响应将因此由来自单个细胞的残余响应和由于细胞之间的光谱灵敏度的变化而引起的贡献组成。10.因此，相位神经节细胞的反应形成了最小不同边界任务的心理物理性能的生理基质。这些单元还向与残余清晰度相关的等亮度边界提供残余信号。这意味着它们的活动与边界和轮廓感知密切相关，并且它们在形式视觉中起着重要作用。
1. The minimally distinct border method involves setting the relative radiances of two adjacent, differently coloured fields until the border between them is minimally distinct. At these radiance settings, the two fields are found to be of equal luminance. The task shares with flicker photometry all the requirements of a photometric method. 2. We have recorded responses of macaque ganglion cells to such borders moved back and forth across the receptive field; the size of the luminance step across the border was systematically varied. 3. Phasic ganglion cells gve transient responses to such borders, consisting of an increase or decrease in firing rate depending on direction of luminance contrast and cell type (on- or off-centre). Tonic ganglion cells gave sustained responses dependent on chromatic contrast across the border. 4. An analysis of phasic cell responses showed a minimum near equal luminance, suggesting their signal could readily support the minimally distinct border task. We could nto devise a scheme whereby tonic cells could support the task. 5. Spectral sensitivity of phasic cells, determined from their minima, closely resembled the 10 deg luminous efficiency function, as required of a mechanism underlying the psychophysical performance. 6. For phasic cells, the minimum was independent of movement speed, and hence of eye movement velocity under natural viewing conditions. 7. Proportionality, additivity and transitivity are found psychophysically with the minimally distinct border method. All these properties were also exhibited by phasic cell responses. 8. Residual responses were present in individual phasic cells to equal-luminance borders, probably due to a non-linearity of M- and L-cone summation. The amplitude of residual response depended on the wavelengths on either side of the border, and was zero for pairs of lights lying along a tritanopic confusion line. These residual responses could be correlated with residual border distinctness at equal luminance as reported psychophysically. 9. There was some variability in spectral sensitivity among phasic cells, and this could be described in terms of variability in weighting of the middle- and long-wavelength cone inputs to each cell. With equal-luminance borders, the residual response of the phasic cell population will thus be made up of the residual responses from individual cells and a contribution due to variation in spectral sensitivity among cells. 10. The responses of phasic ganglion cells thus form the physiological substrate of psychophysical performance on the minimally distinct border task. These cells also provide a residual signal to equal-luminance borders which correlates with residual distinctness. This implies that their activity is strongly related to border and contour perception, and that they play a major role in form vision.