Sex roles, parental experience and reproductive success of eastern kingbirds,Tyrannus tyrannus
Sex roles, parental experience and reproductive success of eastern kingbirds,Tyrannus tyrannus
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东部霸王鸟的性别角色、亲代经历和繁殖成功率
DOI：
10.1006/anbe.1998.0998
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发表时间：
1999
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
M. T. Murphy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. D. Woodard;M. T. Murphy
我们量化了东部王鸟在孵化和筑巢期间的亲代行为，以确定亲代角色，并研究了以前的繁殖经验（定义为过去在该领土上繁殖）对行为和繁殖成功的影响。雌性完成所有的孵化，而雄性在孵化期间花费60%以上的时间保持警惕或守卫巢穴。在雏鸟时期，父母的角色没有被明确定义。雌性花更多的时间保持警惕，但雄性只提供了雌性的54%。警戒和守巢仍然是男性的主要职责。在繁殖的任何阶段，雄性和雌性的行为都不会随着经验的组合而变化（例如，分别在上一个繁殖季节有经验的与没有经验的），但有经验的雄性在孵化期间更加警惕，并且比没有经验的雄性相对更多地喂养幼崽。经验丰富的雌鼠觅食效率也更高。尽管四种组合的行为并没有不同，但没有经验的组合仍然因为饥饿和捕食而失去了最多的孩子。因此，与至少有一个经验丰富的繁殖者的配对相比，没有经验的配对每次筑巢尝试要少孵出一个雏鸟。我们的研究结果表明，至少有一个经验丰富的繁殖者大大提高了一对的繁殖成功率。我们认为，雌性的地盘保真度是一种保护措施，可以避免雌性搬到一个新的领地，与没有经验的雄性交配，从而导致繁殖成功率降低。版权所有1999动物行为研究协会。
We quantified parental behaviour of eastern kingbirds during the incubation and nestling periods to determine parental roles, and to examine the impact of previous breeding experience (defined as having bred on the territory in the past) on behaviour and reproductive success. Females performed all incubation, while males spent more than 60% of their time in vigilant or nest guarding behaviour during incubation. Parental roles were not defined as sharply during the nestling period. Females spent more time vigilant, but males provisioned young at only 54% of the rate of females. Vigilance and nest watching were still primarily male duties. Male and female behaviour did not vary with the pair's combination of experience (e.g. experienced-experienced versus inexperienced-inexperienced in previous-current breeding season, respectively) during either phase of reproduction, but experienced males were more vigilant during incubation and fed young relatively more than inexperienced males. Experienced females were also more efficient foragers. Although behaviour did not differ among the four combinations of pair experience, inexperienced pairs none the less lost the most young to starvation and predation. Consequently, inexperienced pairs fledged one less nestling per nesting attempt than did pairs with at least one experienced breeder. Our results suggest that having at least one experienced breeder substantially improved a pair's reproductive success. We propose that female site fidelity is a safeguard to avoid the lower breeding success a female would incur if she were to move to a new territory and breed with an inexperienced male. Copyright 1999 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour.