Adsorption of iodine in metal-organic framework materials.
Adsorption of iodine in metal-organic framework materials.
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DOI：
10.1039/d0cs01192d
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发表时间：
2022-04-19
影响因子：
46.2
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
在可预见的未来，核能将继续提供能源，但在废物处置和可能释放未经处理的放射性物质方面，核能可能构成重大挑战。碘是铀裂变的挥发性产物，由于其溶解性而特别成问题。不同的碘同位素对人类和环境造成不同的问题。129 I的半衰期极长，为1.57 × 107年，由于生物累积性，会对环境造成长期风险。相比之下，131 I的半衰期较短，为8.02天，对人体健康构成重大风险。因此，迫切需要开发安全、有效和经济的储存装置，以捕获和隔离离子和中性碘残留物。金属有机骨架（MOF）材料是新一代的固体吸附剂，具有广泛的气体吸附和基质结合的潜在应用，最近出现了将其用于选择性吸附去除碘的研究。在此，我们回顾了最先进的MOFs的碘吸附性能和它们的主客体化学。讨论了各个方面，包括建立MOF宿主功能与碘结合之间的结构-性质关系。用于表征碘吸附和碘负载的MOFs的技术和方法也一起讨论了与策略，用于设计新的MOFs，显示改进的碘吸附性能。综述了金属有机骨架材料在碘和多碘捕获和储存方面的化学和应用。
Nuclear power will continue to provide energy for the foreseeable future, but it can pose significant challenges in terms of the disposal of waste and potential release of untreated radioactive substances. Iodine is a volatile product from uranium fission and is particularly problematic due to its solubility. Different isotopes of iodine present different issues for people and the environment. 129I has an extremely long half-life of 1.57 × 107 years and poses a long-term environmental risk due to bioaccumulation. In contrast, 131I has a shorter half-life of 8.02 days and poses a significant risk to human health. There is, therefore, an urgent need to develop secure, efficient and economic stores to capture and sequester ionic and neutral iodine residues. Metal–organic framework (MOF) materials are a new generation of solid sorbents that have wide potential applicability for gas adsorption and substrate binding, and recently there is emerging research on their use for the selective adsorptive removal of iodine. Herein, we review the state-of-the-art performance of MOFs for iodine adsorption and their host–guest chemistry. Various aspects are discussed, including establishing structure–property relationships between the functionality of the MOF host and iodine binding. The techniques and methodologies used for the characterisation of iodine adsorption and of iodine-loaded MOFs are also discussed together with strategies for designing new MOFs that show improved performance for iodine adsorption. The chemistry and applications of metal–organic framework materials for iodine and polyiodide capture and storage are reviewed.
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