Perceptual constancy with a novel sensory skill.
Perceptual constancy with a novel sensory skill.
复制标题
一种新的感觉技巧的感知恒定性。
DOI：
10.1037/xhp0000888
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发表时间：
2021-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Thaler L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Norman LJ;Thaler L
对世界的理解需要感知的恒定性--对一个物体的稳定感知，伴随着一个人对它的感觉的变化。为了研究恒定是否是知觉固有的，我们测试了人类是否可以学习一种新的感官技能所独有的恒定形式(这里是通过点击回声定位来感知物体)。参与者判断两个回声是否不同，因为：(A)滴答声不同，或(B)物体不同。对于通过光谱变化(但不是水平变化)进行的差异，盲人专家回声定位器自发地显示出较高的恒定能力(平均d‘=1.91)，而视力正常和盲人对回声定位的平均d’=0.69。至关重要的是，通过训练，视力控制者在这种能力上得到了迅速的提高，这表明恒定性出现在一个感知者之前没有经验的领域。这提供了强有力的证据，证明恒定是人类知觉的内在特征。这项研究表明，学习感知周围环境的新技能的人--这里指的是倾听声音回声--可以正确地表示物体的物理属性。这一结果对有效地恢复感觉丧失的人具有重要意义。
Making sense of the world requires perceptual constancy—the stable perception of an object across changes in one’s sensation of it. To investigate whether constancy is intrinsic to perception, we tested whether humans can learn a form of constancy that is unique to a novel sensory skill (here, the perception of objects through click-based echolocation). Participants judged whether two echoes were different either because: (a) the clicks were different, or (b) the objects were different. For differences carried through spectral changes (but not level changes), blind expert echolocators spontaneously showed a high constancy ability (mean d′ = 1.91) compared to sighted and blind people new to echolocation (mean d′ = 0.69). Crucially, sighted controls improved rapidly in this ability through training, suggesting that constancy emerges in a domain with which the perceiver has no prior experience. This provides strong evidence that constancy is intrinsic to human perception. This study shows that people who learn a new skill to sense their environment - here: listening to sound echoes - can correctly represent the physical properties of objects. This result has implications for effectively rehabilitating people with sensory loss.
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影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Crawford, JR;Garthwaite, PH
通讯作者：
Garthwaite, PH
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
Auvray, Malika;Hanneton, Sylvain;O'Regan, J. Kevin
通讯作者：
O'Regan, J. Kevin
DOI：
10.3109/01050399109070785
发表时间：
1991-01-01
期刊：
SCANDINAVIAN AUDIOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
MUCHNIK, C;EFRATI, M;HILDESHEIMER, M
通讯作者：
HILDESHEIMER, M
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
MERSHON, DH;DESAULNIERS, DH;MILLS, JT
通讯作者：
MILLS, JT
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
SCHAFER, EWP;MARCUS, MM
通讯作者：
MARCUS, MM