Polychromatic X-ray Measurements of Anisotropic Residual Stress in Bovine Femoral Bone
Polychromatic X-ray Measurements of Anisotropic Residual Stress in Bovine Femoral Bone
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牛股骨各向异性残余应力的多色 X 射线测量
DOI：
10.1299/jsmec.43.795
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
T. Ukai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Todoh;S. Tadano;J. Shibano;T. Ukai
众所周知，骨具有适应正常机械环境的能力，并能在功能上重建其结构和几何形状。这种现象被称为“适应性骨重塑”。应力是骨重塑最重要的机械因素之一。为了诱导骨重塑，一定的压力应该存在，以刺激骨细胞在一个相对较长的时间。因此，这种应力是一种残余应力。为了验证这一假设，有必要测量完整骨组织中的残余应力。骨具有极具各向异性的结构，由羟基磷灰石晶体组成。本文采用多色x射线衍射法测量致密骨的各向异性残余应力。该方法可测量骨中羟基磷灰石的面间距。应变试样的原子面间距与非应变试样的原子面间距之比定义为晶格应变。从三个方向测量的晶格应变计算双轴残余应力。以牛骨干致密骨为标本。为了观察残余应力随区域的差异，从骨干中部取标本，骨干中部分为前、后、内、外侧四部分，每根骨在轴向和周向取标本。结果表明，该方法可以实现骨内残余应力的无损测量。牛股骨轴向存在拉伸残余应力。
It is well known that bone has the capability to adapt to a normal mechanical environment and to reconstruct functionally its structure and geometry. This phenomenon is called "adaptive bone remodeling". One of the most important mechanical factors of remodeling is stress. To induce bone remodeling, some stress should be present to stimulate the osteocyte over a relatively long period. Thus, this stress is a type of residual stress. To verify this assumption, it is necessary to measure residual stress in intact bone tissue. Bone has an extremely anisotropic structure which consists of hydroxyapatite crystals. In this work, the polychromatic X-ray diffraction method is used to measure anisotropic residual stress in compact bone. The interplanar spacing of hydroxyapatite in bone Can be measured by this method. The ratio of atomic interplanar distance of a strained specimen to that of a nonstrained one is defined as lattice strain. Biaxial residual stress is calculated from the lattice strains measured in three directions. The compact bone of bovine diaphysis is used as the specimen. To observe the difference of residual stress dependent on the region, the specimen is taken from the middle part of the diaphysis that was divided into four parts : anterior, posterior, medial and lateral, for each bone in the axial and circumferential directions. As a result, it was confirmed that residual stress in the bone could be measured nondestructively by this method. Tensile residual stress was found in the axial direction of bovine femoral bone.