Personality and Situation Predictors of Consistent Eating Patterns.
Personality and Situation Predictors of Consistent Eating Patterns.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0144134
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Fellows LK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vainik U;Dubé L;Lu J;Fellows LK
一致的饮食方式可能有助于避免在食物丰富的环境中暴饮暴食。饮食一致性需要在不同的饮食情况下保持相似的饮食模式。这种结构的研究相对较少，但现有证据表明，饮食一致性有助于成功维持体重，并降低代谢综合征和心血管疾病的风险。然而，性格和情境一致性的预测因素尚未被研究。以社区为基础的 164 名女性样本完成了各种性格测试，其中 139 名女性在 10 个观察天内每天报告了 6 次饮食行为。我们专注于随餐观察（早餐、午餐或晚餐）。参与者指出他们的瞬时饮食模式在健康或膳食量方面是否与自己的基线饮食模式一致。此外，参与者描述了每种饮食情况的各种特征。自我控制特质可以积极预测饮食的一致性。晚上吃饭、与他人一起吃饭、外出就餐、饮酒和进行体育锻炼都会破坏饮食的一致性。人格特质和情境之间出现了相互作用，包括惩罚敏感性、克制、体力活动和饮酒。自我控制特质和一些饮食情况变量与饮食一致性有关。这些发现为提高一致性的干预措施提供了一个起点，表明关注自我控制技能，同时解决社会情境和一天中的时间等背景因素，可能是最有希望的。这项工作是为人们提供在食物丰富的环境中保持持续健康的生活方式所需的工具的第一步。
A consistent eating style might be beneficial to avoid overeating in a food-rich environment. Eating consistency entails maintaining a similar dietary pattern across different eating situations. This construct is relatively under-studied, but the available evidence suggests that eating consistency supports successful weight maintenance and decreases risk for metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. Yet, personality and situation predictors of consistency have not been studied. A community-based sample of 164 women completed various personality tests, and 139 of them also reported their eating behaviour 6 times/day over 10 observational days. We focused on observations with meals (breakfast, lunch, or dinner). The participants indicated if their momentary eating patterns were consistent with their own baseline eating patterns in terms of healthiness or size of the meal. Further, participants described various characteristics of each eating situation. Eating consistency was positively predicted by trait self-control. Eating consistency was undermined by eating in the evening, eating with others, eating away from home, having consumed alcohol and having undertaken physical exercise. Interactions emerged between personality traits and situations, including punishment sensitivity, restraint, physical activity and alcohol consumption. Trait self-control and several eating situation variables were related to eating consistency. These findings provide a starting point for targeting interventions to improve consistency, suggesting that a focus on self-control skills, together with addressing contextual factors such as social situations and time of day, may be most promising. This work is a first step to provide people with the tools they need to maintain a consistently healthy lifestyle in a food-rich environment.