Global adaptation governance: An emerging but contested domain
Global adaptation governance: An emerging but contested domain
复制标题
DOI：
10.1002/wcc.618
复制
发表时间：
2019-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Åsa Persson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Åsa Persson
适应气候变化在全球政策议程上稳步上升，并随着2015年《巴黎协定》进入一个新时代，该协定确立了全球适应目标。虽然这一目标响应了加强全球适应治理的呼吁，但尚未付诸实施。此外，很少有研究评估当前的全球适应治理，为实现这一目标提供信息。在此背景下，本审查提出的问题是：在多大程度上存在气候变化适应的全球治理？能否将其定性为全球治理的一个强有力的领域？它以哪些方式受到争议？全球适应治理是指全球（包括跨国）范围内的国家和非国家行为体授权并有意塑造成员的行动，以适应气候变化为公共目标。虽然经验证据不足，但在此提出，全球适应治理确实正在出现。然而，其进一步加强似乎存在争议。首先，由于适应的模糊性和缺乏明确的衡量标准，在全球一级衡量适应作为一项公共目标的进展情况面临严重挑战。其次，缺乏明确的全球层面问题框架，或承认适应是一种全球公益，意味着全球治理举措的合法性有限。这种做法的一个后果是，迄今为止所使用的治理形式和职能在如何影响行动方面没有权威性。审查最后确定了推进适应科学和政策的研究需求。
Adaptation to climate change has steadily risen on global policy agendas and entered a new era with the 2015 Paris Agreement, which established a global goal on adaptation. While this goal responds to calls to strengthen global governance of adaptation, it has not yet been operationalized. Further, few studies take stock of current global adaptation governance to inform the implementation of the goal. Against this background this review asks: To what extent is there global governance of climate change adaptation? Can it be characterized as a strong domain of global governance? In what ways is it contested? Global adaptation governance is defined here as occurring when state and non‐state actors in the global (including transnational) sphere authoritatively and intentionally shape the actions of constituents towards climate change adaptation as a public goal. Although empirical evidence is scant, it is proposed here that global adaptation governance is indeed emerging. Yet, its further strengthening appears contested. First, measurement of progress towards adaptation as a public goal at the global level is severely challenged by the ambiguity of adaptation and the lack of distinct metrics. Second, the lack of a clear global‐level problem‐framing, or recognition of adaptation as a global public good, has meant limited legitimacy of global governance initiatives. A consequence of contestation is that governance forms and functions used so far have not been authoritative in how they seek to shape actions. The review concludes by identifying research needs for advancing science and policy on adaptation.