Influence of topically applied adrenergic agents on cochlear blood flow.
Influence of topically applied adrenergic agents on cochlear blood flow.
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局部应用肾上腺素能药物对耳蜗血流的影响。
DOI：
10.1161/01.res.69.2.509
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发表时间：
1991
影响因子：
20.1
通讯作者：
J. Miller
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Ohlsén;D. Baldwin;A. Nuttall;J. Miller
本研究旨在评估肾上腺素受体在控制耳蜗血流中的作用。激光多普勒血流计用于确定局部应用于耳蜗圆窗膜的肾上腺素能药物的作用。通过选择激动剂和拮抗剂来检查各种受体类型（α1、α2、β1 和β2）的相对影响。激动剂去甲肾上腺素和肾上腺素（具有混合的 α 和 β 受体作用）以及去氧肾上腺素（一种强效 α 1 激动剂）均会引起耳蜗血流量的剂量依赖性减少。激动剂异丙肾上腺素（β 活性）、沙丁胺醇（α 2 活性）对耳蜗血流没有影响。在单独测试这些拮抗剂中，只有选择性α1拮抗剂哌唑嗪对耳蜗血流有直接影响，表明耳蜗血流增加。选择性α2拮抗剂咪唑克生、β拮抗剂普萘洛尔和非选择性α拮抗剂酚妥拉明对耳蜗血流没有影响。进行激动剂和拮抗剂的相互作用研究，以具体定义负责去甲肾上腺素和肾上腺素导致耳蜗血流量增加的受体亚类。结果与 α1-肾上腺素交感神经对耳蜗血流的控制一致。
This study was designed to assess the role of adrenergic receptors in the control of cochlear blood flow. Laser Doppler flowmetry was used to determine the effects of adrenergic drugs topically applied to the round window membrane of the cochlea. The relative influence of the various receptor types (alpha 1, alpha 2, beta 1, and beta 2) was examined by a selection of agonists and antagonists. The agonists norepinephrine and epinephrine, which have mixed alpha- and beta-receptor effects, and phenylephrine, a strong alpha 1-agonist, all induced a dose-dependent reduction in cochlear blood flow. The agonists isoproterenol (beta-active), salbutamol (alpha 2-active) had no effect on cochlear blood flow. Of the antagonists, when tested alone, only the selective alpha 1-antagonist prazosin had a direct effect on cochlear blood flow, demonstrating an increase in cochlear blood flow. The selective alpha 2-antagonist idazoxan, the beta-antagonist propranolol, and the unselective alpha-antagonist phentolamine had no effect on cochlear blood flow. Interaction studies of agonists and antagonists were performed to specifically define the receptor subclasses responsible for the cochlear blood flow increases with norepinephrine and epinephrine. The results are consistent with the presence of an alpha 1-adrenergic sympathetic control of cochlear blood flow.
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