Social and communication development in toddlers with early and later diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders
Social and communication development in toddlers with early and later diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders
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DOI：
10.1001/archpsyc.64.7.853
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发表时间：
2007-07-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Garrett-Mayer, Elizabeth
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Landa, Rebecca J.;Holman, Katherine C.;Garrett-Mayer, Elizabeth
背景：据我们所知，不存在对14个月大的自闭症谱系障碍早期和晚期诊断的发展过程进行的前瞻性研究。
目的：研究自闭症谱系障碍早期和晚期诊断儿童在14至24个月的发展模式。
设计：前瞻性纵向设计，对125名自闭症高风险和低风险婴儿从14至36个月进行测试。综合标准化评估包括社交、沟通和游戏行为的测量。
地点：测试在一家大型医疗和研究机构进行，是一项大型、正在进行的纵向研究的一部分。
参与者：低风险对照组（n = 18）和自闭症儿童的兄弟姐妹，根据30或36个月时的诊断结果分类：自闭症谱系障碍（早期诊断，n = 16；晚期诊断，n = 14），广义自闭症表型（n = 19）和非广义自闭症表型（n = 58）。
主要观察指标：对社交、沟通和象征能力进行了评估。
结果：早期诊断组的社交、沟通和游戏行为在14个月大时就与所有其他组不同。到24个月时，晚期诊断组在社交和沟通行为上与非自闭症谱系障碍组不同，但与早期诊断组无差异。对生长轨迹的研究表明，自闭症可能涉及发育停滞、减缓甚至倒退。
结论：这项研究深入了解了自闭症谱系障碍早期和晚期诊断儿童的不同发展模式。
Context: To our knowledge, no prospective studies of the developmental course of early and later diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders from 14 months of age exist.Objective: To examine patterns of development from 14 to 24 months in children with early and later diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders.Design: Prospective, longitudinal design in which 125 infants at high and low risk for autism were tested from age 14 to 36 months. Comprehensive standardized assessments included measures of social, communication, and play behavior.Setting: Testing occurred at a major medical and research institution as part of a large, ongoing longitudinal study.Participants: Low-risk controls (n=18) and siblings of children with autism, grouped on the basis of outcome diagnostic classification at 30 or 36 months: autism spectrum disorders (early diagnosis, n=16; later diagnosis, n=14), broader autism phenotype (n=19), and non broader autism phenotype (n=58).Main Outcome Measures: Social, communication, and symbolic abilities were assessed.Results: Social, communication, and play behavior in the early-diagnosis group differed from that in all other groups by 14 months of age. By 24 months, the later-diagnosis group differed from the non -autism spectrum disorder groups in social and communication behavior, but not from the early-diagnosis group. Examination of growth trajectories suggests that autism may involve developmental arrest, slowing, or even regression.Conclusion: This study provides insight into different patterns of development of children with early vs later diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders.