Criticality of Water: Aligning Water and Mineral Resources Assessment.
Criticality of Water: Aligning Water and Mineral Resources Assessment.
复制标题
水的重要性：协调水和矿产资源评估。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
S. Hellweg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Sonderegger;S. Pfister;S. Hellweg
临界度的概念被用来评估一种资源是否可能成为经济活动的限制因素。它主要应用于不可再生资源，特别是金属。然而，水等可再生资源也可能被过度使用，成为一个限制因素。因此，在本文中，我们开发了一种水的临界方法，允许一个新的，面向用户的评估水的可用性和可及性。跨资源的关键性的可比性是可取的，这就是为什么所提出的水的关键性方法的适应是基于金属的关键性方法，其基本结构是保持。关于对水环境的必要调整，提出了一个透明的水关键性框架，为今后对金属、水和其他资源进行综合关键性评估铺平道路。计算了159个国家2000年的水临界度分数，这些国家被细分为512个地理单位。结果允许的关键配置文件的详细分析，揭示当地的具体特点，水的关键性。这对于筛选地点及其相关的水临界性、指示与水有关的问题和可能的缓解方案和水政策以及未来的水情景分析都是有用的。
The concept of criticality has been used to assess whether a resource may become a limiting factor to economic activities. It has been primarily applied to nonrenewable resources, in particular to metals. However, renewable resources such as water may also be overused and become a limiting factor. In this paper, we therefore developed a water criticality method that allows for a new, user-oriented assessment of water availability and accessibility. Comparability of criticality across resources is desirable, which is why the presented adaptation of the criticality approach to water is based on a metal criticality method, whose basic structure is maintained. With respect to the necessary adaptations to the water context, a transparent water criticality framework is proposed that may pave the way for future integrated criticality assessment of metals, water, and other resources. Water criticality scores were calculated for 159 countries subdivided into 512 geographic units for the year 2000. Results allow for a detailed analysis of criticality profiles, revealing locally specific characteristics of water criticality. This is useful for the screening of sites and their related water criticality, for indication of water related problems and possible mitigation options and water policies, and for future water scenario analysis.