Effect of increased intracranial pressure on blood pressure, heart rate, respiration and catecholamine levels in neonatal and adult rabbits.
Effect of increased intracranial pressure on blood pressure, heart rate, respiration and catecholamine levels in neonatal and adult rabbits.
复制标题
颅内压升高对新生和成年兔血压、心率、呼吸和儿茶酚胺水平的影响。
DOI：
10.1159/000242728
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发表时间：
1987
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
DuBois,AB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ogilvy,CS;DuBois,AB
在2日龄和成年兔上测定了颅内压升高对心率、呼吸频率和血压的影响。新生儿和成人在暴露于升高的颅内压时表现出库欣反射，并伴有高血压、心动过缓和呼吸减少。成年动物对升高的颅内压有较低的反应阈值，这意味着与新生儿相比，肾上腺素能反应更敏感。尽管新生儿的肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素的控制水平高于成人，但成年人在颅内压升高期间的最大浓度与对照浓度的比率更高(成人的肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素分别为27.0和25.2：新生儿为3.5和2.93)。注射肾上腺素可使两组受试者产生最大交感反应。在成人中，注射肾上腺素或增加颅内压后的心血管反应是相同的。在新生儿中，注射肾上腺素后的血压升高显著高于增加颅内压后的血压升高(p<；0.05)。结果表明，与成人相比，静息儿茶酚胺水平较高的新生儿存在未成熟的肾上腺髓质轴，而应激儿茶酚胺的增加相对较小。
The effect of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) on heart rate, respiratory rate and blood pressure was measured in 2-day-old and adult rabbits. Neonates and adults exhibited the Cushing reflex with hypertension, bradycardia and decreased respirations when exposed to elevated ICP. Adult animals had a lower threshold of response to elevated ICP, implying a more sensitive adrenergic response compared to neonates. Although control levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine were higher in neonates compared to adults, the ratio of maximum concentration during increased ICP to control concentration was higher in adults (27.0 for epinephrine and 25.2 for norepinephrine in adults: 3.5 for epinephrine and 2.93 for norepinephrine in neonates). Injection of epinephrine was used to induce a maximal sympathetic response in both groups of rabbits studied. In adults, the cardiovascular response was the same after injection of epinephrine or after increasing ICP. In neonates, the blood pressure rise after injection of epinephrine was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the blood pressure rise after increasing ICP. The results demonstrate an immature adreno-medullary axis in neonates who have higher resting levels of catecholamines with a relatively smaller increase in catecholamines in response to stress when compared to adults.